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Updated: June 27, 2025
In 1219 he overran Esthonia, in a crusade for the forcible conversion of the pagans, when the Danish standard, the Dannebrog, a white cross on a blood-red field, began to be used. On his return, he was treacherously captured, and with his son was kept in prison in Mecklenburg for three years, by Henry, Count of Schwerin.
Burned by the armies of Cyrus in B.C. 329, Samarkand was in part destroyed by Genghis Khan, about 1219. When it had become the capital of Tamerlane, its position, which certainly could not be improved upon, did not prevent its being ravaged by the nomads of the eighteenth century. Such alternations of grandeur and ruin have been the fate of all the important towns of Central Asia.
In that light the shogunate was regarded while it remained in the hands of Yoritomo and his two sons, Yoriie and Sanetomo. But with the death of Sanetomo, in 1219, and the political extinction of the Minamoto family, the shogunate assumed a different character in the eyes of the Minamoto's successors, the Hojo.
He receives many novices Instructs and models them Sends them to different provinces of Italy What he says on this occasion He departs for Tuscany, and passes by Perugia, where he makes a prediction which is accomplished Many young men enter his Order They build a house for him near Cortona His miraculous fast during Lent He commands the devils, and they obey him He cures many miraculously He preaches at Florence Makes a prediction Preaches in various places in Tuscany What his friars are doing in other places He preaches the Lent at Assisi, with great fruit He consecrates, to Jesus Christ, Clare, and, Agnes, her sister Establishes Clare and Agnes in the Church of S. Damian He erects a monastery there, the first one of his second Order, which he then instituted He is troubled by a serious doubt, on which he consults his brethren His doubt is cleared up by an oracle from heaven He goes out to preach Restores a blind girl to sight, and converts many worldly people He sighs for martyrdom Asks permission of the Pope to preach to the infidels Makes conversions at Rome, and establishes his Order there Returns to Assisi and leaves for the Levant Embarks, but is obliged to put into a harbor in Sclavonia Goes by sea to Ancona A miracle which God performs in his favor He converts a celebrated poet Returns to Tuscany, and to S. Mary of the Angels He falls sick Wonderfully humbles himself Tries a vocation Falls sick again and writes to all Christians Departs for Spain and Africa, in search of martyrdom His miracles and other particulars of his journey His profound humility He raises the dead Count Orlando gives him Mount Alverna God miraculously protects him He preaches in Piedmont and passes into Spain Works a miraculous cure there The king, Alphonso IX, permits him to establish his Order there He receives houses there A violent sickness prevents him going to Morocco His actions whilst he is delayed in Spain He returns to Italy His route thither He arrives at S. Mary of the Angels, and disapproves a building there He goes to Mount Alverna Is beaten by devils Mortifies his sense, and taste Makes water spring from a rock Visits the mountain Converts there a celebrated brigand Leaves for Rome Discovers some relics by revelation Makes predictions, and performs miracles and conversions Arrives at Rome whilst the Council of Lateran is sitting The Pope declares to the Council that he has approved the Rule He appoints a general chapter at S. Mary of the Angels, whither he returns He holds the chapter and sends his friars to various countries He thinks of going to Paris Reunites an illustrious family that had been divided Rejoices in his poverty and asks of God a greater love of holy poverty SS. Peter and Paul appear to him at Rome His alliance with S. Dominic He goes to Florence, where Cardinal Hugolin dissuades him from going to Paris He returns to the Valley of Spoleto, and sends three of his disciples to France A celestial vision induces him to ask of the Pope a cardinal protector for his Order What he says on this subject He preaches before the Pope What happened to him in the pulpit The Pope gives him Cardinal Hugolin, as protector of the Order He preaches in the Valley of Rieti Delivers the country from two plagues, and makes some conversions there The houses he builds there He appoints a general chapter at S. Mary of the Angels, for the year 1219 What he did during the year 1218 Efficacy of his prayers He wishes to pull down a new house which he found at S. Mary of the Angels
The pacification arranged in 1218 sat rightly upon him, and he plunged into a war with William Marshal the younger that desolated South Wales for several years. In 1219 Llewelyn devastated Pembrokeshire so cruelly that the marshal's losses were currently, though absurdly, reported to have exceeded the amount of the ransom of King Richard.
It follows the life of William Marshal through the reigns of Henry II, Richard, and John, and to his death in 1219. It relates many facts, gives much information as to life and manners and suggestions of interpretation from a layman's point of view. The last is original and contemporary on the reign of John.
King Valdemar knighted five and thirty of his brave men on the battle-field, and from that day the Order of the Dannebrog is said to date. It bears upon a white crusader's cross the slogan of the great fight "For God and the King," and on its reverse the date when it was won, "June 15, 1219." The back of paganism was broken that day, and the conversion of all Esthland followed soon.
The use which the Friars Minor made of it in 1219, shows clearly that they adopted, as did their sainted Patriarch, the common opinion of the Greek Church, which was already spread in various parts of the Latin Church, in honor of the Conception of the Blessed Virgin, because they thought it wholly pure and exempt from the stain of original sin.
It will be remembered that after the murder of Minamoto Sanetomo by his nephew Kugyo, in 1219, some difficulty was experienced in persuading the Imperial Court to appoint a successor to the shogunate, and finally the choice fell upon Fujiwara Yoritsune, then a child of two, who was not actually nominated shogun until 1226.
F. Johnson as counselors. At that time were five organized wards, with 2446 souls, including 1219 Indians in the Papago ward, and to the southward toward Mexico. Mesa then was credited with 648 people of the faith, Lehi 200, Alma 282 and Nephi 104. In 1905, President Hakes transferred his activities to the development of a new colony of his people at Bluewater, N.M., near Fort Wingate.
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