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Ermenonville, the burial-place of Rousseau. Escape from prison by the Countess de la Mothe; the royal family preparing to; arrested at Varennes and brought back. Esterhazy, Count. Etiquette, strictness of court; relaxation of. Ettenheim, Cardinal de Rohan dies at. Execution of M. de Favras. Expenses, court, retrenchment in. Expostulation of the Emperor Maximilian with his sister.
And, if to bring home to the tender-hearted monarch the full effect of this last inroad upon his legitimate power, they at the same time created a new crime to which they gave the name of treason against the nation, without either defining it, or specifying the kind of evidence which should he required to prove it; and they proceeded at once to put it in force to procure the condemnation of a nobleman of decayed fortune, but of the highest character, the Marquis de Favras, in a manner which showed that their real object was to strike terror into the whole Royalist party.
He was for several months president of the committee of inquiry which caused the Marquis de Favras to be arrested and hanged, and gave so much uneasiness to the Court. There was no one in the Constituent Assembly more hateful to the Court than Voidel, so much on account of his violence as for his connection with the Duke of Orleans, whose advocate and counsel he was.
"We must fall," said she, "attacked as we are by men who possess every talent and shrink from no crime, while we are defended only by those who are no doubt very estimable, but have no adequate idea of our situation. They have exposed me to the animosity of both parties by presenting the widow and son of Favras to me.
Cloud is bought for; gives birth to the Duke of Normandy; finds that her name has been forged and misrepresentations made for procuring a necklace made by Boehmer; receives a visit from her sister, the Princess of Teschen; is treated with hostility by the Duc d'Orléans; receives the nickname of "Madame Deficit"; loses her second daughter, the Princess Sophie; writes two political letters to the Duchess de Polignac; writes to Mercy on the present political state of affairs, August 19th, 1788; conspicuous for her charity during a severe winter; has serious views about the demands of the commons; refuses to accept the Duc de Chartres for husband to her daughter Madame Royale; attends the opening of the States; loses her eldest son, the dauphin, June 4th, 1780; writes to the Duchess de Polignac on the States' affairs; writes to the Marchioness de Tourzel, intrusting to her the education of her children; rejects Barnave's overtures; is remarkable for her bravery; writes to Mercy about her feelings at the present aspect of affairs; receives insolence from a virago; feels the death of her brother, the Emperor Joseph II. of Austria; writes to her brother Leopold, who succeeded Joseph II.; refuses to give evidence against the mob rioters; shows kind feeling toward the widowed Marchioness de Favras; makes a speech to the deputies; is well received at the theatre; receives the services of the Count de Mirabeau; interviews him; shows her presence of mind at the fête at the Champ de Mars; writes to Mercy about the difficulty of managing Mirabeau; has to bid farewell to Mercy, who is removed to the Hague; gives audience to Prince de Lichtenstein; denounced by Marat; attempts made to assassinate; writes to the Emperor of Austria, her brother Leopold, October 22d, 1790; refuses to quit France by herself; is threatened with a divorce by La Fayette; writes to the Comte d'Artois, expostulating with him; writes to her brother to send troops to intervene; escapes from Paris with her family, and is arrested and brought back; writes to De Fersen; writes to her brother, Emperor Leopold; sends a letter to Mercy about the Revolution; writes to Mercy about the declaration of Pilnitz and the Constitution; declares her feelings in a letter to the Empress Catherine of Russia; M. Bertrand and the queen; receives news of the death of her brother Leopold, the Emperor of Austria; direct attacks made against; Dumouriez speaks his mind strongly to; appears before the insurrectionists at the Tuileries, June 20th, 1793; writes to Mercy, July 4th, 1792; receives proposals for her escape; writes to the Landgravine Louise; employs her time in quilting her husband a waistcoat to resist a dagger or a bullet; attempt made to assassinate; determines to sacrifice personal safety to loss of the crown and Constitution; made prisoner with her husband; plans formed for the escape of, fail; additional insults offered to; has a trial and is sentenced; writes a final letter to the Princess Elizabeth; is executed; her remains treated with indignity; summary of the character of.
His speech, delivered at the Hôtel de Ville, was well received and he rose in popular favour. Meantime, his unhappy confederate was tried for treason against the nation, and found guilty. Favras asked whether, on a full and explicit confession, his life would be spared. He was told that nothing could save him. The judge exhorted him to die in silence, like a brave man.
The judge who read his condemnation to him told him that his life was a sacrifice which he owed to public tranquillity. It was asserted at the time that Favras was given up as a victim in order to satisfy the people and save the Baron de Besenval, who was a prisoner in the Abbaye.
Present to Madame Favras. The king continues inactive. Plan of Count d'Inisdal. Indecision of the king. The queen's disappointment. Displeasure of Count d'Inisdal. An alarm. Attempts to assassinate the queen. Removal to St. Cloud. Another plan for flight. It is abandoned. Exhibitions of attachment. Emotions of the queen. The assassin in the garden. Midnight interviews.
"We must fall," said she, "attacked as we are by men who possess every talent and shrink from no crime, while we are defended only by those who are no doubt very estimable, but have no adequate idea of our situation. They have exposed me to the animosity of both parties by presenting the widow and son of Favras to me.
One of them had even the effrontery to acknowledge his innocence to Favras himself, and to affirm that his life was a necessary sacrifice to the public peace. No event since the attack on Versailles had caused Marie Antoinette equal anguish.
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