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Updated: June 10, 2025
But its connexion by que with immensus ultra, shows that it refers to position, and means lying opposite, i.e., belonging, as it were, to another hemisphere or world from ours; for so the Romans regarded the Northern Ocean and Britain itself, cf. A 12: ultra nostri orbis mensuram; G. 17: exterior oceanus. So Cic. This interpretation is confirmed by ab orbe nostra in the antithesis.
But Cato used Ennius as soldier while Nobilior employed him as poet. It is difficult, however, to fix the date of this enactment. Some authorities place it after Cato's return from Spain. Livy 34, cc. 1-8. See Livy, 34, 18. i.e. he was legatus consularis. It was at the time a common thing for ex-consuls to take service under their successors. So Liv. 36, 17, 1, but Cic. Cat.
ORTUS SATUS INCREMENTA: 'origin, cultivation, and growth'. For the omission of the copula see n. on 53. REQUIETEM: the best MSS. of Cic. sometimes give the other form requiem, as in Arch. 13. VIM IPSAM: 'the inherent energy'. OMNIUM ... TERRA: a common periphrasis for 'all plants'; cf. e.g. The Latin has no one word to comprehend all vegetable products.
In our passage Cic. seems to assume only one dictatorship. The story of Cincinnatus at the plough is told in Livy 3, 26. FACTUM: the technical term was dicere dictatorem, since he was nominated by the consul on the advice of the senate. DICTATORIS: in apposition with cuius.
GALLUM: consul in 157 B.C., famous as an astronomer and as the first Roman who predicted an eclipse before the battle of Pydna. See Liv. 44, 37. DESCRIBERE: technically used of the drawing of mathematical figures. Ingredior often has an infinitive dependent on it even in the best Latin; e.g. Cic. Top. 1 nos maiores res scribere ingressos. ACUTIS: requiring keenness of intellect.
Among the coleoptera, the Stachylinus is a rarity: the white-winged Cicindela nivea of Kirby is to be found in great abundance on the sand of the beach, which is of the same colour as itself; the Cic. nodicornis and angusticollis Dej. on the other hand, frequent the paths in the forests. Cosnania, which supplies the place of our Elaphrus, is found among the grass by the side of brooks.
Senectus was commonly reckoned as beginning at 60; but in § 60 Cicero includes in senectus the aetas seniorum, and probably intended to include it here. In Tusc. 1, 34 Cic. reckons three ages pueritia adulescentia senectus as here; below in 74, four periods, or five. QUAMVIS: = quantumvis.
This use of two superlatives mutually related to each other, the former with quisque, is frequent in Latin and resembles the English use of two comparatives: the better, the more trustworthy. Cf. Z. 710, b.; also note, 3: promptissmus quisque. Exsequi==punire. A sense peculiar to the later Latin. Cic. and Caes. use persequi.
De Invent. 2, 140 imperium domesticum. ITA: = ea lege 'on these conditions, viz. ..., the clause with si being an explanation of ita. This correspondence of ita ... si is common in Cicero; see n. on 12 ita ... quasi. Here translate 'age can only be in honor if it fights for itself'. SE IPSA: cf. Cic. Acad. 2, 36 veritas se ipsa defendet; see also the n. on 4.
Quantum ad belongs to the silver age. In the golden age they said: quod attinet ad, or simply ad. Gr. Cicero however has quantum in, N. D. 3, 7; and Ovid, quantum ad, A. A. 1, 744. Cf. Freund sub voce. Imputant. Make charge or account of. Nearly confined to the later Latin. Frequent in T. in the reckoning both of debt and credit, of praise and blame. Cic. said: assignare alicui aliquid.
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