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Updated: May 6, 2025
It would be perfectly logical to extend the results of which we are speaking to all plants, and to believe that the proteic matter of vegetables, and perhaps of animals also, is formed exclusively by the activity of the cells operating upon the ammoniacal and other mineral salts of the sap or plasma of the blood, and the carbo-hydrates, the formation of which, in the case of the higher plants, requires only the concurrence of the chemical impulse of green light.
The liquid portion of the blood is called the plasma; the small bodies are known as corpuscles. Other round particles, smaller than the corpuscles, may also be seen under favorable conditions. These latter are known as blood platelets. Each one consists of a little mass of protoplasm, called the stroma, which contains a substance having a red color, known as hemoglobin.
Lewes, they talk of the 'specific shape' assumed by an 'organic plasma' being 'always dependent on the polarity of its molecules, 'or due to the operation of immanent properties; or declare that, in the process of organic evolution, 'each stage determines its successor, 'consensus of the whole impressing a peculiar direction on the development of parts, and the law of Epigenesis necessitating a serial development, insomuch that, 'every part being the effect of a pre-existing, and in turn the cause of a succeeding part, the reason why, when a crab loses its claw, the member is reproduced, is that the group of cells remaining at the stump 'is the necessary condition of the genesis' of precisely that new group which the reproductive process imperatively requires to follow next in order, this second group equally the necessary condition for genesis of the one required third, the third for the fourth, and so on; and that the reason why the thorns of a blackberry admit of somewhat close comparison with the hooks and spines of certain crustaceæ, is that portions of the integument of both plant and crawfish 'tend under similar external forces to develop' into similar forms?
These mix with the plasma from the blood, forming the resultant liquid which is the lymph. A considerable amount of the material absorbed from the food canal also enters the lymph tubes, but this passes into the blood before reaching the cells. *Composition and Physical Properties of the Lymph.* —As would naturally be expected, the composition of the lymph is similar to that of the blood.
Blood Pressure at the Capillaries.—The plasma which is forced through the capillary walls by pressure from the heart makes room for itself by pushing a portion of the lymph out of the lymph spaces. This in turn presses upon the lymph in the tubes which it enters. In this way pressure from the heart is transmitted to the lymph, forcing it to move.
If the patient seems to be improving on small doses of iodid, however, and the thyroid is supposed not to be very deficient, it is better not to administer thyroid extract, unless the patient is obese. This first consisted of sodium sulphate, sodium chlorid, sodium phosphate, sodium bicarbonate and potassium sulphate in water in such amounts as to stimulate the blood plasma.
Since that time much other work has been done by independent workers as well as by French and English Commissions both working at Rio de Janeiro. The results of their investigation are practically the same and may be summed up as follows: 1. The virus of the yellow fever is in the blood-plasma, not in the corpuscles, for these may be removed and the plasma still be infective.
Somehow, a better understanding between man and Lhari will come from this." Secure in the knowledge, he turned over and went peacefully to sleep. When he woke again, he felt better. The Mentorian girl, Meta, was sitting quietly between the bunks, watching him. He started to turn over, flinched at the pain in his arm. "Yes," she said, "we're giving you one last transfusion. Plasma, this time.
*Origin of the Lymph.*—The chief source of the lymph is the plasma of the blood. As before described, the walls of the capillaries consist of a single layer of flat cells placed edge to edge.
Should this be admitted without positive evidence we would not then be at the end of our problem; for the question may be asked as to what causes the first or initial deposit. Here we must stop and acknowledge our ignorance. But you may now ask what all this physiology and chemistry of the plasma has to do with a report on surgery.
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