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Updated: June 1, 2025
It is about 18 miles in diameter, with very steep walls, and, according to Schmidt, has a small crater on its east border, where Madler shows a break. It is questionable whether there is a central mountain.
The dark floor includes, according to Madler, a delicate central hill which Schmidt does not show. Neison, however, saw a faint greyish mark, and an undoubted peak has been subsequently recorded. I have not succeeded in seeing any detail within the border, which in shape resembles a triangle with curved sides. ROSS. A somewhat larger ring-plain of irregular form, on the N.W. of the last.
According to Madler, the crater was more than 6 miles in diameter in his time, and very conspicuous under a low sun, a description to which it certainly did not answer in 1867 or at any subsequent epoch.
Before 1801 he had found eleven; Lohrmann added 75; Mädler 55; Schmidt published in 1866 a catalogue of 425, of which 278 had been detected by himself; and he eventually brought the number up to nearly 1,000. They are, then, a very persistent lunar feature, though wholly without terrestrial analogue. There is no difference of opinion as to their nature.
Kinau, Madler, and finally Schmidt, followed, till, in 1866, when the latter published his work, Ueber Rillen auf dem Monde, the list was thus summarised: In the 1st or N.W. quadrant 127 rills In the 2nd or N.E. quadrant 75 rills In the 3rd or S.E. quadrant 141 rills In the 4th or S.W. quadrant 82 rills or 425 in all.
Where a ridge suddenly changes its direction, a crater of some prominence generally marks the point, often forming a node, or crossing-place of other ridges, which thus appear to radiate from it as a centre. Sometimes they intrude within the smaller ring-mountains, passing through gaps in their walls as, for example, in the cases of Madler, Lassell, &c.
MASKELYNE. A regular ring-plain, 19 miles in diameter, standing almost isolated in the Mare Tranquilitatis. The floor, which includes a central mountain, is depressed some 3000 feet below the surrounding surface. There are prominent terraces on the inner slope of the walls. Schmidt shows no craters upon them, but Madler draws a small one on the E., the existence of which I can confirm.
There is a crater on the crest of the N.W. wall, just above a notable break in its continuity through which a ridge from the N.W. passes. There is another crater on the opposite side. The central mountain is small and difficult to see. Madler described this area as a bright crater, 5 miles in diameter, which now it certainly is not.
The stars have motions of their own besides those reflected upon them from ours. All attempts, however, to grasp the general scheme of these motions have hitherto failed. Yet they have not remained wholly fruitless. The community of slow movement in Taurus, upon which Mädler based his famous theory, has proved to be a fact, and one of very extended significance. In 1870 Mr.
On some occasions it appeared perfectly straight, at others very irregular; but, what is very remarkable, although two such accurate observers as Lohrmann and Madler frequently scrutinised the region, neither of them saw a trace of this object; and but for its rediscovery by Schmidt in 1862, its existence would certainly have been ignored by selenographers as a mere figment of Gruithuisen's too lively imagination.
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