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Three thousand Russian families were sent to colonize Azof, which was guarded by some regiments of the Streltsui and by Cossacks and now there must be a navy. There must be nine ships of the line, and twenty frigates carrying fifty guns, and bombships, and fireships. That would require a great deal of money. It was then that the utility of the system of serfdom became apparent.
The esteem he conceived for her, joined to his friendship, induced him to crown her Czarina, and to consult her upon all his affairs and all his schemes. Escaped from danger, he was a long time without giving up Azof, or demolishing his forts on the Black Sea.
It was my purpose to have reached the Caspian, and taken boats to the Volga, and up that river as far as navigation would permit, but we were dissuaded by the Grand-Duke Michael, Governor-General of the Caucasas, and took carriages six hundred miles to Taganrog, on the Sea of Azof, to which point the railroad system of Russia was completed. From Taganrog we took cars to Moscow and St. Petersburg.
The Turks were burning with desire to recapture Azof, and the Khan of Tartary had his own revenges and reprisals at heart urging him on; so, at the instigation of Charles and the Khan, the Sultan declared war against Russia in 1710.
He had only to capture Azof in the Crimea from the Turks, and he would have a sea for his navy and then might easily make the navy for his sea!
Peter's unlimited power Extent of his dominions Character His wishes in respect to his dominion Embassy to China Siberia Inhospitable climate The exiles Western civilization Ship-building The Dutch ship-yards Saardam The barge at the country palace The emperor's first vessels Sham-fights Azof Naval operations against Azof Treachery of the artilleryman Defeat New attempt The Turkish fleet taken Fall of Azof Fame of the emperor His plans for building a fleet Foreign workmen Penalties His arbitrary proceedings He sends the young nobility abroad Opposition Sullen mood of mind National prejudices offended The opposition party Arguments of the disaffected Religious feelings of the people The patriarch An impious scheme Plan of the conspirators Fires Dread of them in Moscow Modern cities Plan for massacring the foreigners The day The plot revealed Measures taken by Peter Torture Punishment of the conspirators The column in the market-place
Thus Peter gained his first naval victory almost, as we might say, on the land. He conquered and captured a fleet of sea-going ships by enticing them among the boats and other small craft which he had built up country on the banks of a river. Soon after this Azof was taken. One of the conditions of the surrender was that the treacherous artilleryman should be delivered up to the Czar.
"I have to acknowledge a payment of one hundred thousand roubles into the Azof Bank from an unknown source. Please remember that S. in Paris and J. in Rome are making big claims upon me, and that next month I must receive a similar sum. "Hardt has told me that matters are progressing well at Carlton House Terrace, and also in Paris. Of that I am glad to hear.
But the hunters who had lived in complete ignorance of any other land beyond the Sea of Azof were struck with admiration of the Scythian land and deemed that a path known to no previous age had been divinely revealed to them. They returned to their comrades to tell them what had happened, and the whole nation resolved to follow the track thus opened out before them.
Throughout the winter the fleet had lain inactive, although why they should have done so none knew, when they had it in their power, by attacking the Russian forts in the Sea of Azof, to destroy the granaries upon which the besieged depended for their supplies.
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