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Paulus, iv, 9, 1-9. Gaius, i, 145. Ulpian, Tit., x, 5. Gaius, i, 137. For an example see Pliny, Letters, viii, 18. Cf. Spartianus. Didius Iulianus, 8: filiam suam, potitus imperio, dato patrimonio, emancipaverat. If emancipated children insulted or injured their parents, they lost their independence Codex, 8, 49 , 1. Ulpian, Tit., viii, 7a.

Macer in Dig., 48, 5, 25 , ibid., Ulpian, 48, 5, 30 . Paulus, ii, xxvi. Juvenal, x. 317; quosdam moechos et mugilis intrat. Cf. Catullus, 15, 19. See, e.g., Capitolinus, Anton. Pius, 3. Spartianus, Sept. Severus, 18, Pliny, Panegyricus, 83: multis illustribus dedecori fuit aut inconsultius uxor assumpta aut retenta patientius, etc. Pliny, Letters, vi, 31. Paulus, ii, xxvi, 15.

If so disgraceful an outrage as that described by Herodian was, indeed, committed by the head of the Roman State on a foreign potentate, Dio, as a great State official, would naturally be anxious to gloss it over. There are, moreover, internal difficulties in his narrative; and on more than one point of importance he contradicts not only Herodian, but also Spartianus.

What shall I say of the great Emperor Trajan? What of Helius Adrianus, who with his own hand painted singularly well, as the Greek Dion writes in his life, and Spartianus?

Yet some theologians would have us believe that conjugal love and fidelity is an invention of Christianity. Pliny, Panegyricus, 26. For other instances see Capitolinus, Anton. Pius, 8; Lampridius, Alex. Severus, 57; Spartianus, Hadrian, 7, 8, 9; Capitolinus, M. Anton. Phil., 11. Gaius, i, 190. Ulpian, Tit. xi, 25. Cf. Frag, iur Rom. Vatic.

Martial laments the death of a favourite slave girl v, 34 and 37. The pages of Pliny are full of the spirit of kindliness to slaves. See Tacitus, Annals, xiv, 42 ff. Suetonius, Claudius, 25. The interesting letter of Pliny, viii, 16; and cf. iii, 14, and v, 19. Juvenai, vi, 219-223. Spartianus, Hadrian, 18. Gaius, i, 52 ff. Cf. Ulpian in Dig., 1, 12, 1 and 8.

For Tiberius see, e.g., Tacitus, Annals, iv case of Silius; id., Annals, iii, 17, 18 case of Piso. For Nero, note Tacitus, Annals, xiii, 43 case of Publius Suilius. Clemency of Claudius mentioned in Dio, 60, 15, 16; of Vitellius in Tacitus, Hist., ii, 62. Spartianus, Had., 18. Capitolinus, Anton. Pius, 7. See also the anecdote of Aurelian in Vopiscus, Aurelian, 23.

It is therefore not improbable that Herodian has given with most truth the general outline of the expedition of Caracallus, though, with that love of effect which characterizes him, he may have unduly embellished the narrative. The advance of Caracallus was, if Spartianus is to be believed, through Babylonia.

Juvenal, vi, 434-440. Cf. Martial, ii, 90: sit mihi verna satur, sit non doctissima coniunx. The famous verses of Martial: Quid tibi nobiscum, ludi scelerate magister? Invisum pueris virginibusque caput! Severus, 44. Pliny, Paneg., 26. Spartianus, Hadrian, 7, 8-9. Capitolinus, Anton. Pius 8; id. M. Anton. Phil. II. Lampridius, Alex. Severus, 57. Pliny, Letters, vii, 18.