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"The aim of Bacon," says Macaulay, "was utility, fruit; the multiplication of human enjoyments, ... the mitigation of human sufferings, ... the prolongation of life by new inventions," dotare vitam humanum novis inventis et copiis; "the conquest of Nature," dominion over the beasts of the field and the fowls of the air; the application of science to the subjection of the outward world; progress in useful arts, in those arts which enable us to become strong, comfortable, and rich in houses, shops, fabrics, tools, merchandise, new vegetables, fruits, and animals: in short, a philosophy which will "not raise us above vulgar wants, but will supply those wants."

Hence Graeca comitate. Provinciali parsimonia. Parsimonia in a good sense; economy, as opposed to the luxury and extravagance of Italy and the City. Locum mixtum. Enallage for locus, in quo mixta erant, etc. H. 704, III., cf. 25: mixti copiis et laetitia. Bene compositum denotes a happy combination of the elements, of which mixtum expresses only the co-existence. Acrius, sc. aequo==too eagerly.

In the rectangular picture next to this is Pietro Farnese, elected Captain of the Florentines, with this inscription: PETRUS FARNESIUS, REIP. FLORENTINÆ IMPERATOR, MAGNIS PISANORUM COPIIS ... URBEM FLORENTIAM TRIUMPHANS INGREDITUR, ANNO 1362.

Omne robur in pedite, quem, super arma, ferramentis quoque et copiis onerant. Alios ad proelium ire videas, Chattos ad bellum. Rari excursus et fortuita pugna; equestrium sane virium id proprium, cito parare victoriam, cito cedere: velocitas juxta formidinem, cunctatio propior constantiae est.

Third campaign. Taum. The Frith of Tay. Nationibus. Here synonymous with gentes; sometimes less comprehensive, cf. note, G. 2. Pactione ac fuga. Al. aut fuga, but without authority. There are but two distinct clauses marked by aut aut: either taken by assault or abandoned by capitulation and flight. Nam firmabantur. Moras obsidionis. A protracted siege, or blockade. Annuis copiis.

Sed primo Cerialis labores modo et discrimina, mox et gloriam communicabat: saepe parti exercitus in experimentum, aliquando majoribus copiis ex eventu praefecit: nec Agricola unquam in suam famam gestis exsultavit; ad auctorem et ducem, ut minister, fortunam referebat: ita virtute in obsequendo, verecundia in praedicando, extra invidiam, nec extra gloriam erat.

They distribute the day, sc. as the period of various labors; they fortify the night, sc. as the scene of danger. Still highly poetical. Ratione. Way, manner. Al. Romanae. Ferramentis. Iron tools, axes, mattocks, &c. Copiis. Provisions. Rari. Predicate of pugna, as well as excursus. Velocitas applies to cavalry, cunctatio to infantry; juxta==connected with, allied to, cf. juxta libertatem, 21.

Wr., and some others understand it of a voyage from Rome, where they suppose him to have passed the winter, and whence he crossed over to Britain by the earliest vessel in the spring. W. and R. make prima equivalent to an adv. and render: crossing over for the first time by ship. Or. also makes prima==tum primum. Copiis. Here troops with their equipments==forces, cf. 8: majoribus copiis.

But hostilis exercitus in the MSS. and earliest editions. Infesta is here active: hostile inroads of the enemy's forces. In partem virium. For, i.e. as a part of his force. Impelleretur, was borne on with rapid and resistless power. Profunda adversa. Cf. note, 6: inania honoris. Mixti copiis et laetitia. Uniting their stores and their pleasures, i.e. their respective means of entertainment.

Examine, and compare, to see who has the most and the most honorable, or perhaps to soothe and dress them. Cibos et hortamina. Observe the singular juxtaposition of things so unlike. So 1: metu aut montibus; A. 25: copiis et laetitia; 37: nox et satietas; 38: gaudio praedaque. VIII. Constantia precum==importunate entreaties. Objectu pectorum.