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Updated: June 9, 2025
A few years after Fernando I. had inaugurated the title of King of Castile, he raised the parish church of Burgos to a bishopric by removing to his new capital the see that from time immemorial had existed in Oca. He also laid the first stone of the cathedral church in the same spot where Fernan Gonzalez had erected a summer palace, previous to the Arab raid under Almanzor.
It soon spread throughout Spain, and the Christian princes availed themselves of its disastrous effects to repossess themselves of the cities of which they had been deprived during the supremacy of Almanzor. The imbecile Hacchem, negotiating and trifling alike with all parties, was finally replaced on the throne, but was soon after forced again to renounce it to save his life.
Even the poets upon whom this equitable distribution of qualities should be most binding have thought it agreeable to nature to depart from the rule upon occasion. Harapha, in the "Agonistes," is indeed a bully upon the received notions. Milton has made him at once a blusterer, a giant, and a dastard. But Almanzor, in Dryden, talks of driving armies singly before him and does it.
Almanzor united to the talents of a statesman the genius of a great commander. He was the most formidable and fatal enemy with whom the Christians had yet been obliged to contend. He ruled the Moorish empire twenty-six years under the name of the indolent Hacchem.
And from that day the King gave more power into his hands, and made him head over all his household. XX. Now the men of Leon besought the King that he would repeople Zamora, which had lain desolate since it was destroyed by Almanzor. And he went thither and peopled the city, and gave to it good privileges.
The conclusion is as follows: 'If at any time Almanzor fulfils the parts of personal valour and of conduct, of a soldier and of a general; or, if I could yet give him a character more advantageous that what he has, of the most unshaken friend, the greatest of subjects, and the best of masters; I should then draw all the world a true resemblance of your worth and virtues; at least as far as they are capable of being copied by the mean abilities of,
Terrible Almanzor conquered it in his raid in the tenth century, and utterly destroyed it. It was rebuilt by Veremundo or Bermudo III., but never regained its lost importance, which reverted to Leon. When the Christian armies had conquered the peninsula as far south as Toledo, Astorga was no longer a frontier town, and rapidly fell asleep, and has slept ever since.
It is difficult to find a more striking historical coincidence, and the case is worthy of remark. In his success, Almanzor showed no hate for his one-time protectress, who had so nearly caused his ruin, and in his administration of affairs he left her entire liberty of action.
And he saw the glittering banners of Almanzor set on high, And swaying in the gentle breeze that filled the summer sky. And those who stood upon the walls, soon as he came in sight, Streamed forth from the portcullis with welcome for the knight, For they marvelled at the prancing steed that rushed across the plain, They marvelled at his thundering voice and words of deep disdain.
After reigning twelve years, El Hakkam died, A.D. 976, Heg. 366. His son Hacchem succeeded him. This prince was an infant when he ascended the throne, and his intellectual immaturity continued through life. During and after his minority, a celebrated Moor named Mohammed Almanzor, being invested with the important office of Hadjeb, governed the state with wisdom and success.
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