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Updated: June 2, 2025


As they had specified no particularities against the Cardinal, the King would still reflect upon the subject. He also wrote a private note to the Duchess, stating that he had not yet sent the letters for the three nobles, because he wished that Armenteros should arrive before their courier.

Return of the three seigniors to the state council Policy of Orange Corrupt character of the government Efforts of the Prince in favor of reform Influence of Armenteros Painful situation of Viglius His anxiety to retire Secret charges against him transmitted by the Duchess to Philip Ominous signs of the times Attention of Philip to the details of persecution Execution of Fabricius, and tumult at Antwerp Horrible cruelty towards the Protestants Remonstrance of the Magistracy of Bruges and of the four Flemish estates against Titelmann Obduracy of Philip Council of Trent Quarrel for precedence between the French and Spanish envoys Order for the publication of the Trent decrees in the Netherlands Opposition to the measure Reluctance of the Duchess Egmont accepts a mission to Spain Violent debate in the council concerning his instructions Remarkable speech of Orange Apoplexy of Viglius Temporary appointment of Hopper Departure of Egmont Disgraceful scene at Cambray Character of the Archbishop Egmont in Spain Flattery and bribery Council of Doctors Vehement declarations of Philip His instructions to Egmont at his departure Proceedings of Orange in regard to his principality Egmont's report to the state council concerning his mission His vainglory Renewed orders from Philip to continue the persecution Indignation of Egmont Habitual dissimulation of the King Reproof of Egmont by Orange Assembly of doctors in Brussels Result of their deliberations transmitted to Philip Universal excitement in the Netherlands New punishment for heretics Interview at Bayonne between Catharine de Medici and her daughter, the Queen of Spain Mistaken views upon this subject Diplomacy of Alva Artful conduct of Catharine Stringent letters from Philip to the Duchess with regard to the inquisition Consternation of Margaret and of Viglius New proclamation of the Edicts, the Inquisition, and the Council of Trent Fury of the people Resistance of the leading seigniors and of the Brabant Council Brabant declared free of the inquisition Prince Alexander of Parma betrothed to Donna Maria of Portugal Her portrait Expensive preparations for the nuptials Assembly of the Golden Fleece Oration of Viglius Wedding of Prince Alexander.

As they had specified no particularities against the Cardinal, the King would still reflect upon the subject. He also wrote a private note to the Duchess, stating that he had not yet sent the letters for the three nobles, because he wished that Armenteros should arrive before their courier.

The Prince felt more unwilling to compromise his personal dignity by countenancing the flagitious proceedings and the contemptible supremacy of Armenteros, and it was soon very obvious, therefore, that Egmont was a greater favorite at court than Orange.

Altogether, the gifts which the ambassador received from the royal bounty amounted to one hundred thousand crowns. Thus feasted, flattered, and laden with presents, it must be admitted that the Count more than justified the opinions expressed in the letter of Armenteros, that he was a man easily governed by those who had credit with him.

Armenteros, a man of low, mercenary, and deceitful character, but a favorite of the Regent, and already beginning to acquire that influence over her mind which was soon to become so predominant, was no friend of the Cardinal.

Granvelle's counsels as to the method by which the "friend of smoke" was so easily to be gained, had not fallen unheeded in his royal pupil's ears. The Count was lodged in the house of Ruy Gomez, who soon felt himself able, according to previous assurances to that effect, contained in a private letter of Armenteros, to persuade the envoy to any course which Philip might command.

She was made to see and, seeing, she became indignant the cipher which she had really been during his administration. "One can tell what's o'clock," wrote Morillon to the fallen minister, "since she never writes to you nor mentions your name." As to Armenteros, with whom Granvelle was still on friendly relations, he was restless in his endeavors to keep the once-powerful priest from rising again.

Armenteros had persuaded the king that the minister's residence in Madrid would only revive, with increased violence, all the complaints of the Belgian nation, to which his ministry had been sacrificed; for then, he said, he would be suspected of poisoning the very source of that power, whose outlets only he had hitherto been charged with corrupting.

He assured his Majesty that the Cardinal could render no valuable service to the crown on account of the hatred which the whole nation bore him, but that, as far as regarded the maintenance of the ancient religion, all the nobles were willing to do their duty. The Regent now despatched, according to promise, her private secretary, Thomas de Armenteros, to Spain.

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