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Updated: June 28, 2025
Otherwise, he affirmed that all legitimate forms of justice would disappear, and that it would be easy to set the bloodhounds upon any game whatever. Saint Aldegonde wrote to the Prince, that it would be a great point, but a very difficult one, to justify the Ghent transaction; for there was little doubt that the Hessels letter was a forgery.
He proceeded to taunt the aged Hessels with his threat against himself, and with his vow "by his grey beard." "Such grey beard shalt thou never live thyself to wear, ruffian," cried Hessels, stoutly-furious rather than terrified at the suddenness of his doom.
Blood-councillor Hessels, whose letter genuine or counterfeited had been so instrumental in hastening this outbreak, was most carefully guarded, and to him and to Senator Fisch the personal consequences of that night's work were to be very tragic. Thus audaciously, successfully, and hitherto without bloodshed, was the anti-Catholic revolution commenced in Flanders.
Continued dissensions in the Spanish cabinet Ruy Gomez and Alva Conquest of the Netherlands entrusted to the Duke Birth, previous career and character of Alva Organization of the invading army Its march to the provinces Complaints of Duchess Margaret Alva receives deputations on the frontier Interview between the Duke and Egmont Reception of Alva by the Duchess of Parma Circular letters to the cities requiring their acceptance of garrisons Margaret's secret correspondence Universal apprehension Keys of the great cities demanded by Alva Secret plans of the government, arranged before the Duke's departure Arrest of Orange, Egmont, Horn, and others, determined upon Stealthy course of the government towards them Infatuation of Egmont Warnings addressed to him by De Billy and others Measures to entrap Count Horn Banquet of the Grand Prior The Grand Prior's warning to Egmont Evil counsels of Noircarmes Arrests of Egmont, Horn, Bakkerzeel and Straalen Popular consternation Petulant conduct of Duchess Margaret Characteristic comments of Granvelle His secret machinations and disclaimers Berghen and Montigny Last moments of Marquis Berghen Perfidy of Ruy Gomez Establishment of the "Blood-Council" Its leading features Insidious behavior of Viglius Secret correspondence, concerning the President, between Philip and Alva Members of the "Blood-Council" Portraits of Vargas and Hessels Mode of proceeding adopted by the council Wholesale executions Despair in the provinces The resignation of Duchess Margaret accepted Her departure from the Netherlands Renewed civil war in France Death of Montmorency Auxiliary troops sent by Alva to France Erection of Antwerp citadel Description of the citadel.
Blood-councillor Hessels, whose letter genuine or counterfeited had been so instrumental in hastening this outbreak, was most carefully guarded, and to him and to Senator Fisch the personal consequences of that night's work were to be very tragic. Thus audaciously, successfully, and hitherto without bloodshed, was the anti-Catholic revolution commenced in Flanders.
The third was rejected, but it was agreed that the prisoners, Champagny, Sweveghem, and the rest who, after the horrid fate of Hessels and Visch, might be supposed to be sufficiently anxious as to their own doom should have legal trial, and be defended in the meantime from outrage. On the 3rd of November, 1578, a formal act of acceptance of these terms was signed at Antwerp.
Perhaps it was invented, but genuine or fictitious, it was circulated extensively among the popular leaders, and had the effect of proving Madame de Hessels a true prophet. It precipitated the revolution in Flanders, and soon afterwards cost the Councillor his life. "We have already brought many notable magistrates of Flanders over to the aide of his Highness Don John," wrote Hessels.
Champagny wrote to the Prince of Orange that, even if the letter of Hessels were genuine, it proved nothing against Aerschot, and he urged the necessity of suppressing such scene of licence immediately, through the influence of those who could command the passions of the mob.
Such witless but vehement denunciation from a preacher who was both popular and comparatively sincere, could, not but affect the imagination of the weaker portion of his, healers. The faction of Imbize became triumphant. Ryhove the ruffian whose hands were stained with the recent blood of Visch and Hessels rather did damage than service to the cause of order.
By John Lothrop Motley 1855 Orange invited to visit Brussels His correspondence upon the subject with the estates general Triumphant journey of the Prince to the capital Stop put by him to the negotiations with Don John New and stringent demands made upon the Governor His indignation Open rupture Intrigue of Netherland grandees with Archduke Matthias Policy of Orange Attitude of Queen Elizabeth Flight of Matthias from Vienna Anxiety of Elizabeth Adroitness of the Prince The office of Reward Election of Orange to that dignity His complaints against the great nobles Aerschot Governor of Flanders A storm brewing in Ghent Ryhove and Imbize Blood- Councillor Hessels Arrogance of the aristocratic party in Flanders Ryhove's secret interview with Orange Outbreak at Ghent Arrest of Aerschot, Hessels, and others of the reactionary party The Duke liberated at demand of Orange The Prince's visit to Ghent Rhetorical demonstrations The new Brussels Union characterized Treaty with England Articles by which Matthias is nominally constituted Governor-General His inauguration at Brussels Brilliant and fantastic ceremonies Letter of Don John to the Emperor His anger with England An army collecting Arrival of Alexander Farnese Injudicious distribution of offices in the States' army The States' army fall back upon Gemblours, followed by Don John Tremendous overthrow of the patriots Wonderful disparity in the respective losses of the two armies.
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