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Updated: July 26, 2025
There are two varieties of sementeras garden patches, called "pay-yo'" in the Bontoc area, the irrigated and the unirrigated. The irrigated sementeras grow two crops annually, one of rice by irrigation during the dry season and the other of camotes, "sweet potatoes," grown in the rainy season without irrigation. The unirrigated sementera is of two kinds.
"Crede, prime," the Latinist told him, "if I hadn't got here to burn all your papers, they would have squeezed your neck; and if I had burned the whole house they wouldn't have touched a hair of your head. But quod eventum, eventum; gratias agamus Domino Deo quia non in Marianis Insulis es, camotes seminando."
The women cut or pick off the "runners" from the perpetual vines in the sementeras near the dwellings. These they transplant in the unirrigated mountain sementeras after the crops of millet and maize have been gathered. The irrigated sementeras are also planted to camotes by transplanting from these house beds. This transplanting lasts about six weeks in Bontoc, beginning near the middle of July.
Before they are cooked they are pared and generally cut in pieces about 2 inches long; they are boiled without salt. They are eaten alone at many meals, but are relished best when eaten with rice. They are always eaten from the fingers. One dish, called "ke-le'-ke," consists of camotes, pared and sliced, and cooked and eaten with rice.
It is that of "no more palay harvest," and lasts for about ten or fifteen days, ending probably about July 15. This is the last period of the season Cha-kon'. The fifth period is Ba-li'-ling. It is the first period of the season Ka-sip'. It takes its name from the general planting of camotes, and is the only one of the calendar periods not named from the rice industry.
They practise a primitive agriculture raising corn, rice, camotes, and several vegetables in fields and little gardens at the edge of the forests. Their garments are of home-grown hemp; and their artistic interests centre largely around the decorative designs produced in dyeing, weaving, and embroidery.
The labor of turning and fertilizing the soil and transplanting the young rice is all in progress at the same time generally, too, in the same sementera. Since each is a distinct process, however, I shall consider each separately. Before the soil is turned in a sementera it has given up its annual crop of camotes, and the water has been turned on to soften the earth.
The Balili white camotes are bi-tak'-no, a-go-bang'-bang, and la-ung'-an and the red are gis-gis'-i and ta-mo'-lo. Millet, called "sa'-fug," is sowed on the surface of the earth. The sowing is "broadcast," but in a limited way, as the fields are usually only a few rods square.
At other times one sees bushels of camotes put away on the earth under the broad bench extending the full length of the dwelling. In the poorer class of dwellings the camotes are frequently dumped in a corner. Beans are dried and shelled before storing and are set away in a covered basket, usually in the upper part of the dwelling.
He paid the money, whereas the basket was worth only one-sixth the price. Trouble was thus averted, and the individuals reconciled. In this case the two pueblos are friends, but Mayinit is much stronger than Ganang, and evidently took advantage of the fact. In January, 1903, a woman and her son, of Titipan, stole camotes of another Titipan family.
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