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Updated: June 8, 2025
Although the vessels employed by the Athenians both for war and commerce were small compared with those of modern days, and their merchant ships even much smaller than those of the Phoenicians, if we may judge by the description given by Xenophon of a Phoenician merchant vessel in the Piræus, yet the expence attending their equipment was very great.
"With these in troop Came Ashtoreth, whom the Phoenicians called Astarté, Queen of Heaven, with crescent horns; To whose bright image nightly by the moon Sidonian virgins paid their vows and songs." "Now haste ye, my handmaidens, haste and see How he sits there and glowers with his head on his knee."
I notice an error in the artist's work which will be apparent to any one of moderate intelligence, and especially to the Englishman, viz., that the tin discovered by the Phoenicians is in the form of cans, etc., formerly having contained tinned meats, fruits, etc. This book, I fear, will be sharply criticised in England if any inaccuracy be permitted to creep in, even through the illustrations.
When the viceroy appeared in his box, the Asiatics and Egyptians present in the amphitheatre gave forth a mighty shout. The spectacle began with a procession of singers, dancers, and musicians. The prince looked around. At his right was the box of Hiram and the most noted of the Phoenicians; on his left the box of the Phoenician priests and priestesses.
It should be remarked that our evidence, that other Syrian Semites had taken to writing in scripts of their own, begins not much later at various points in Shamal, in Moab and in Samaria. This rather sudden expansion of the Phoenicians into a maritime power about 1000 B.C. calls for explanation.
How was it possible that the notion of a flat earth, bounded by the horizon and bordered by the circumfluous ocean, could maintain itself when colonies were being founded in Gaul, and the Phoenicians were bringing tin from beyond the Pillars of Hercules?
The fish symbol was a very frequent representative of woman, the goddess of the Phoenicians being represented by the head and body of a woman terminating below in a fish. The head of Proserpine is frequently surrounded by dolphins. Indeed, the female principle is regularly shown by some representative of water; fire and water respectively being regarded as male and female principles.
Scandinavia does not appear to have been occupied in the Paleolithic period, and the most ancient facts concerning it only date from the expeditions of the Romans against the Teutons, and our knowledge even of them is very incomplete. We are still ignorant of much which may have been known to the Carthaginians and the Phoenicians.
We have no details of the conduct of the Phoenicians on either occasion, beyond a casual notice that in the expedition of Datis and Artaphernes one of their vessels plundered the temple of Delium on the Boeotian coast opposite Chalcis, carrying off from it an image of Apollo plated with gold.
The historian who relates the circumstance evidently feels that it was a bold and courageous act, very creditable to the Tyrian people. It is not always, however, that we can justly praise the conduct of the Phoenicians at this period.
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