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By far the largest part of Cudworth's treatise consists of a general metaphysical argument to establish the independence of the mind's faculty of Knowledge, with reference to Sense and Experience.
So, in like manner, a specific promise, in itself immaterial and not enjoined by natural justice, is to be kept for the sake of the formality of keeping faith, which is enjoined. Cudworth's work, in which these are nearly all the ethical allusions, gives no scope for a summary under the various topics.
RICHARD VINES, one of the Assembly Divines. KING'S COLLEGE; Provost ejected, Dr. BENJAMIN WHICHCOT, aetat. 34. He had been a Fellow of Emanuel College, and was a friend of Cudworth's.
This entailed short but frequent visits; and Alfred often talked with him; for the man was really a bit of a character; had a shrewd rustic wit, and a ready tongue, was rather too fond of law, and much too fond of money; but scrupulously honest: head as long as Cudworth's, but broader; and could not read a line.
VI. With reference to Religion, he professes to abstain entirely from theological questions, and does abstain from mixing up the doctrines of Revelation. But he attaches a distinctly divine authority to his moral rules, and supplements earthly by supernatural sanctions. Cudworth's Treatise concerning Eternal and Immutable Morality, did not appear until 1731, more than forty years after his death.
Even its scepticism, its fiery denials, or vehement inquiry a Woolston's, for instance, or a Cudworth's, like a Shelley's or a James Thomson's long afterwards spring from no love of darkness, but from the immortal ardour for the light, for Truth, even if there come with it silence and utter death.
"Hold thy prate, and read that bit of paper," says Westbury. "'Tis Latin," says Dick, glancing at it, and again saluting his officer, "and from a sermon of Mr. Cudworth's," and he translated the words pretty much as Henry Esmond had rendered them. "What a young scholar you are," says the Captain to the boy. "Depend on't, he knows more than he tells," says the lawyer.
When he was not studying, or joking, or rhyming, during those two short years of college life, he read: Cudworth's "Intellectual System," Hobbes's "Dialogues," Bacon's "Essays," Plutarch's "Morals," Cicero's "De Officiis," Montaigne's "Essays," Rousseau's "Émile," Demosthenes's "Orations," Aristotle's "Politics," Ralt's "Dictionary of Trade," and the "Lex Mercatoria."
"This vastness or enlargedness which is not bounded by anything, however plain and simple it may be, increases every day; so that my soul in partaking of the qualities of her spouse, seems also to partake of his immensity." Madame Guyon, vie. ii. 4. And Philo: Philo, de ebrietate, 37. So in Dr. Cudworth's sermon, which was printed some time ago:
Moreover, Cudworth's 'Immutable Morality' was not published till 1731, at which time it had direct reference to the controversies excited by Mandeville's 'Fable of the Bees. The popularity also of Henry More's writings continued into the century after his death, and a new edition of his 'Discourse of Enthusiasm' appeared almost simultaneously with writings of Lord Shaftesbury, Dr.
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