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Updated: May 24, 2025
Her mission is indeed a noble one; it is to maintain the principles of law, good government, and pure religion; her genius lies in sober conservatism and high-minded monarchy; her heroes are Duerer, Luther, Frederic the Great, vom Stein, Richard Wagner.
Now we can understand what Goethe means when he says that "Albrecht Duerer enjoyed the advantages of a profound realistic perception, and an affectionate human sympathy with all present conditions."
This spirit was not that of the Reformation which came to stop, yet it existed and was widespread at that time; it was I think the spirit which either formed or sustained most of the great artists. At any rate it both formed and sustained Albert Duerer. Yet the true nature of these ideas, derived from Jesus, could not be understood even by Colet, even by Erasmus.
One that attracted our attention was a picture of "Christ disputing with the Doctors," by Albert Duerer, in which was represented the ugliest, most evil-minded, stubborn, pragmatical, and contentious old Jew that ever lived under the law of Moses; and he and the child Jesus were arguing, not only with their tongues, but making hieroglyphics, as it were, by the motion of their hands and fingers.
As Velasquez, after each of his journeys to Italy, returns to attempt a mythological picture in the grand style, so Duerer turns to painting after his return from Venice or from the Netherlands; and his pictures divide themselves into three groups: those painted after or during his Wanderjahre and before he went to Venice in 1505, those painted there and during the next five years after his return, and those painted in the Netherlands or commenced immediately on his return thence.
God Almighty be gracious to him. Next we have letters from and to Niklas Kratzer, Astronomer to Henry VIII. He had been present when Duerer drew Erasmus' portrait at Antwerp. Duerer had also made a drawing of Kratzer, and later on Holbein was to paint his masterpiece in the Louvre from the Oxford professor.
Germany was a better home for a great character, a great personality, than for a great artist: Duerer the artist was never quite at home there, never a gentleman among his peers. The good and solid burghers rated him as a good and solid burgher, worth so much per annum; never as endowed with the rank of his unique gift.
It is natural to refer often to the towering eminence of these virtues in Michael Angelo; both he and Duerer were not only great artists, and active and powerful minds, but men imbued with, and conservative of, piety.
One engraving on copper is like another in the essential problem that it offered to the craftsman to resolve; but every different medium in which Duerer made drawings, and every variety of surface on which he drew, offered a different problem, and perhaps no other artist can compare with him in the great variety of such problems which he has solved with felicity.
These might be compared with the very finest portraits by Raphael and Holbein, and the precedence would remain a question of personal predilection; since nothing reasoned, no distinguishable superiority over Duerer in vision or execution could be urged for either.
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