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Updated: June 9, 2025
Affairs in Holland and Zealand Siege of Tergoes by the patriots Importance of the place Difficulty of relieving it Its position Audacious plan for sending succor across the "Drowned Land" Brilliant and successful expedition of Mondragon The siege raised Horrible sack of Zutphen Base conduct of Count Van den Berg Refusal of Naarden to surrender Subsequent unsuccessful deputation to make terms with Don Frederic Don Frederic before Naarden Treachery of Romero The Spaniards admitted General massacre of the garrison and burghers The city burned to the ground Warm reception of Orange in Holland Secret negotiations with the Estates Desperate character of the struggle between Spain and the provinces Don Frederic in Amsterdam Plans for reducing Holland Skirmish on the ice at Amsterdam Preparation in Harlem for the expected siege Description of the city Early operations Complete investment Numbers of besiegers and besieged Mutual barbarities Determined repulse of the first assault Failure of Batenburg's expedition Cruelties in city and camp Mining and countermining Second assault victoriously repelled Suffering and disease in Harlem Disposition of Don Frederic to retire Memorable rebuke by Alva Efforts of Orange to relieve the place Sonoy's expedition Exploit of John Haring Cruel execution of prisoners on both sides Quiryn Dirkzoon and his family put to death in the city Fleets upon the lake Defeat of the patriot armada Dreadful suffering and starvation in the city Parley with the besiegers Despair of the city Appeal to Orange Expedition under Batenburg to relieve the city His defeat and death Desperate condition of Harlem Its surrender at discretion Sanguinary executions General massacre Expense of the victory in blood and money Joy of Philip at the news.
Yet Leicester, who had banished Papists from Utrecht without cause and without trial, now placed most notorious Catholics in Deventer. Zutphen, which was still besieged by the English and the patriots, was much crippled by the loss of the great fort, the capture of which, mainly through the brilliant valour of Stanley's brother Edward, has already been related.
It is superfluous to add that the outrages upon women were no less universal in Zutphen than they had been in every city captured or occupied by the Spanish troops. These horrors continued till scarcely chastity or life remained, throughout the miserable city.
The country around him was desperate, believed itself abandoned, and was expecting fresh horrors everyday. He had been obliged to remove portions of the garrisons at Deventer and Zutphen purely to save them from starving and desperation. Every day he was informed by his garrisons that they could feed no longer on fine words or hopes, for in them they found no sustenance.
In startling colors he held up to them the fate of Mechlin, of Zutphen, of Naarden, as a prophetic mirror, in which they might read their own fate should they be base enough to surrender the city.
He made himself master of Groningen and Drente after a long and obstinate struggle with Charles of Gelderland, and seven years later he forced Charles' successor, William of Jülich and Cleves, to renounce in his favour his claims to Gelderland and Zutphen.
His gallantry at the famous Zutphen fight had attracted admiration, where nearly all had performed wondrous exploits, but he was known to be an ardent Papist and a soldier of fortune, who had fought on various sides, and had even borne arms in the Netherlands under the ferocious Alva.
Did it seem credible that the fort of Zutphen should be placed in the hands of Roland York? Remonstrances were made by the States-General at once. With regard to Stanley, Leicester maintained that he was, in his opinion, the fittest man to take charge of the whole English army, during his absence in England.
In Friesland, the important city of Groningen was still held for the King, while Bois-le-Duc, Zutphen, besides other places in Gelderland and North Brabant, also in possession of the royalists, made the position of those provinces precarious.
For there were now very grave rumours concerning the fidelity of "that patient and foreseeing brother York," whom Stanley had been so generously strengthening in Fort Zutphen. The lieutenant of York, a certain Mr. Zouch, had been seen within the city of Zutphen, in close conference with Colonel Tassis, Spanish governor of the place.
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