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Updated: June 19, 2025
Detailed Study of the Spectra of the Brighter Stars. This work has been carried on with the 11 inch photographic telescope used by Dr. Draper in his later researches. A wooden observatory was constructed about 20 feet square. This was surmounted by a dome having a clear diameter of 18 feet on the inside. The dome had a wooden frame, sheathed and covered with canvas.
Hence we may safely deduce the following rules to determine before-hand the colours of all spectra. 1. The direct spectrum without any lateral light is an evanescent representation of its object in the unfatigued eye. 2.
The light is then decomposed in spectra, each overlapping the other. It is a phenomenon of this kind which is seen when we look into the light with the eye half closed; the eyelashes in this case, acting as a net-work or grating.
The discovery of such a fact led by immediate inference to the expectation and belief that the other planets were of like constitution, or in a word, that the whole solar system was essentially composed of identical materials. As the inquiry proceeded, it was found, however, that the agreement in the lines of different spectra was not perfect.
These remissions of spectra bear some analogy to the tremors of the hands, and palpitations of the heart, of weak people: and perhaps a criterion of the strength of any muscle or nerve may be taken from the time it can be continued in exertion. Variation of spectra in respect to brilliancy; the visibility of the circulation of the blood in the eye.
I have already spoken of the influence of subjective sensations of sight, hearing, etc., on the illusions of waking life, and it is now to be added that these sensations play an important part in our dream-life. Johannes Müller lays great prominence on the part taken by ocular spectra in the production of dreams.
This first discovery was quickly followed up by the identification of numerous bright rays in the spectra of other metallic bodies with others of the hitherto mysterious Fraunhofer lines. As to cobalt, he hesitated to pronounce, but its existence in the sun has since been established.
The fibrous extremities of the organs of sense have been shewn, by the ocular spectra in Sect. III. to suffer similar contraction by each of the above modes of excitation; and by their configurations to constitute our ideas. After animal fibres have for some time been excited into contraction, a relaxation succeeds, even though the exciting cause continues to act.
H.G.J. Moseley, a young man only twenty-six years of age, at an English university, devised a method of examining the spectra of the various elements by means of the X-rays.
After this, we may proceed to the discussion of the second class, which I may call distortions of the mnemonic picture. And, finally, we may deal with the most signal and palpable variety of error of memory, namely, the illusions which I have called mnemonic spectra. Illusions of Perspective: A. Definite Localization.
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