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Dr Manouvrier insists that Lombroso's theory that the criminal is born and not made is based upon the exploded science of phrenology, and declares that all the anatomical distinctions and physicological characteristics quoted by Lombroso are to be found among honest men as well as among criminals. The fact that a greater proportion are found among criminals to his mind proves nothing.
Manouvrier declares that the man possessed of characteristics the very opposite of Lombroso's criminal, if subjected to the conditions, influences, and temptations, which lead to crime would as likely commit crime as he who possessed all the characteristics which Lombroso describes as typical.
In Lombroso's work "The Female Offender" he notices: Normal Women Criminal Women Receding foreheads 8 per cent. 11 per cent. Enormous lower jaws 9 " 15 " Projecting cheek bones 14 " 19.9 " Murderesses 30 " " ears 6 " 9.2 " Flat nose 40 " Thieves 20 " Normal Criminal Regular external ear 65 per cent. 54 per cent.
She inquired jocularly, appearing to find enjoyment in shocking him: "You've seen my hated rival, haven't you Lamb, the new M.D. that pulled in here the other day? His wife looks like a horse with a straw bonnet on and he ought to be jailed on sight if there's anything in Lombroso's theories. Have you noticed him?" Symes nodded. "He laid brick until he was thirty-five," she added nonchalantly.
But unless we grasp the logic of the situation, and take this initiative, no amount of abuse, persuasion, or ridicule will effect our freedom. A word may be in place regarding the anthropological status of the doubting folly and allied mental states. Men of genius have suffered from them all. A long list may be found in Lombroso's "Man of Genius."
Moreover, Lombroso's statements, which he makes in very general terms, apply, if they apply at all, not to criminals as a class, but only to instinctive criminals, as indeed he himself has acknowledged. Remedies for Crime. The remedies for crime are dealt with by the subsidiary science of penology, which may be regarded as a branch of scientific philanthropy.
This nonsense about Keltic and Teutonic is no more science than Lombroso's extraordinary assertions about criminals, or palmistry, or the development of religion from a solar myth.
Sessile ear 12 " 20 " Scaphoid fossa prolonged to lobe 8.2 " 21.2 " Projecting ears 3.1 " 5.3 " Prominent anti-helix 11.5 " 14.2 " Darwin's tubercle 3 " 2.9 " If Lombroso's theory, that a man was born a criminal, was to be taken as the rule, Manouvrier declares that it must then be universal, and that men thus born must inevitably commit crime.
There was certainly nothing in John Ryder's outward appearance to justify Lombroso's sensational description of him: "A social and physiological freak, a degenerate and a prodigy of turpitude who, in the pursuit of money, crushes with the insensibility of a steel machine everyone who stands in his way." On the contrary, Ryder, outwardly at least, was a prepossessing-looking man.
When a theory of insanity is made to include such men as Newton, Goethe, Darwin, and others who are generally supposed to be the very types of sober sanity, a Richard Wagner may well be content to remain in such company. We are reminded of Lombroso's own story of the lunatic's reply to one who asked when he was coming out of the asylum: "When the people outside are sane."
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