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The actual existence of such a group of tales as those referred to by Wauchier derives confirmation from our surviving Gawain poems, as well as from the references in the Elucidation, and on the evidence at our disposal I have ventured to suggest the hypothesis of a group of poems, dealing with the adventures of Gawain, his son, and brother, the ensemble being originally known as The Geste of Syr Gawayne, a title which, in the inappropriate form The Jest of Sir Gawain, is preserved in the English version of that hero's adventure with the sister of Brandelis.
Then buke him gentle Gawayne, Said, "Lady, that's but a shill; Because thou art mine own lady Thou shalt have all thy will." And his courtesy broke the spell of the stepdame, as the lady related "She witched me, being a fair young lady, To the green forest to dwell, And there must I walk in woman's likeness, Most like a fiend in hell."
Then said Sir Percivale: We lack nothing but Galahad, the good knight. And thus endeth the syxteenth book, whiche is of syre Gawayne, Ector de marys, and syre Bors de ganys, and sir Percyval. And here followeth the sevententh book, whiche is of the noble Knyghte syre Galahad.
The romance might almost be called a sermon, if it did not reveal in a more interesting way a great moral truth, that deception weakens character and renders the deceiver vulnerable in life's contests. In preparing for the struggle, Sir Gawayne is guilty of one act of deceit. But for this, he would have emerged unscathed from the battle.
Here leveth of the story of syr launcelot. And speke we of sir gawayne, the whiche is the xvi. book. When Sir Gawaine was departed from his fellowship he rode long without any adventure. For he found not the tenth part of adventure as he was wont to do. For Sir Gawaine rode from Whitsuntide until Michaelmas and found none adventure that pleased him.
Whan syr Arthur wyst that syre Gawayne was layd so lowe he went vnto hym, and there the kyng made sorowe oute of mesure, and took sire Gawayne in his armes, and thryes he there swouned.
The American poet Lowell chose Sir Launfal, a less prominent figure in Arthurian romance, for the hero of his version of the search for the Grail, and had him find it in every sympathetic act along the common way of life. The story of Gawayne and the Green Knight, "the jewel of English medieval literature," tells how Sir Gawayne, Arthur's favorite, fought with a giant called the Green Knight.
What new elements appear, not found in Beowulf? Which of these cycles has the most interest for English readers? How does this cycle still influence twentieth-century ideals? In what respect is the romance of Gawayne like a sermon? What Shakespearean characters does Geoffrey of Monmouth introduce? How is Layamon's Brut related to Geoffrey's chronicle?
In 1903 he published Gawayne and the Green Knight, a long poem, in which humour and imagination are delightfully mingled. His lyric Pro Patria is a good illustration of his poetic powers; it is indeed one of America's finest literary contributions to the war. Remember, as the flaming car Of ruin nearer rolls, That of our country's substance are Our bodies and our souls.
And thenne whan he awaked, he sayd, allas Sir Gawayne my sisters sone, here now thou lyggest , the man in the world that I loued moost, and now is my joye gone, for now my neuewe syre Gawayne I will discouer me vnto your persone, in syr Launcelot & you I had moost my joye and myn affyaunce, & now haue I lost my joye of you bothe, wherefor all myn erthely joye is gone from me.
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