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Updated: June 9, 2025
It seems to follow that the two facts are invariably connected, and that the excitement of electricity in any body has for one of its necessary conditions the possibility of a simultaneous excitement of the opposite electricity in some neighboring body. As the two contrary electricities can only be produced together, so they can only cease together.
Again, when it is charged with the negative electricity of the handkerchief it is REPELLED by the like charge on the handkerchief and ATTRACTED by the positive or unlike charge on the rod. Therefore it is usual to say that LIKE ELECTRICITIES REPEL AND UNLIKE ELECTRICITIES ATTRACT EACH OTHER.
Some electricities are diffused and attenuated; some are concentrated; others are so tenacious of the body to which they belong that they are all but steadfast. Some are sympathetic; some antipathetic, attracting or repelling each other; some mingle gently; others, when brought into contact, cause violent explosions.
They are glass and resin, after which, as we mentioned, the two electricities were even named in the beginning. Indeed, glass as a mineral substance, which actually owes its specific character to the presence of silicon in it, clearly stands on the phosphoric-crystalline side, while resin, being itself a sort of 'gum', on the sulphurous-volcanic side.
When, as frequently happens on land, the members of these groups are geographically near each other, the mere proximity seems, like similar electricities, to develop repulsions which render political variance the rule and political combination the exception.
Particular parts of the plant, from the nature of their fibre, have the power to attract larger portions than others of the colouring electricities. When it is wished to produce different colours in the flower other electricities are used, with or without those producing variety of form.
'Be one thing or the other, he seemed to say to an unproved hypothesis; 'come out as a solid truth, or disappear as a convicted lie. After making the great discovery which I have attempted to describe, a doubt seemed to beset him as regards the identity of electricities. 'Is it right, he seemed to ask, 'to call this agency which I have discovered electricity at all?
By means of machines worked by electricity we have facilities for excavating earth; and where rocks or hard substances intervene we can remove large masses by the application of explosive electricities. These paths are therefore excavated with ease. My palace, situate on the summit of the upper mountain city, communicates with a magnificent summer palace, reached easily by a well lighted descent.
Some, indeed, thought that several different kinds existed; but the renowned electricians truly great men, for they had opened the gates of science proclaimed that all electricities were in reality one and the same, modified only by accidents.
Franklin proposed to call these electricities positive and negative. These names are well chosen, but we do not know any reason why one should be called positive rather than the other. The electricity generated on glass when rubbed with silk is called positive.
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