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Like English classic poetry, it is pretty in form but poor in spirit. The element of nationality, or distinctiveness, the life-giving and soul-uplifting element in all poetry, as Delitzsch justly maintains it to be, was lacking in the German Maskilim, anxious for naturalization as they were.
See Jensen Zeits. für Assyr. i. 1 seq. and Delitzsch, Das Babylonische Weltschöpfungsepos, p. 94. By the assimilation of the n to the following consonant. See above, pp. 173, 175. Jensen, Kosmologie, p. 275. The combination of religious supremacy with political power, which characterizes the social state of ancient Babylonia and Assyria, gives to the title patesi a double significance.
As for Shukamuna, the fact that Agumkakrimi, who places his title, 'king of Cassite land, before that of Akkad and Babylon, opens his inscription with the declaration that he is the glorious offspring of Shukamuna, fixes the character of this god beyond all doubt; and Delitzsch has shown that this god was regarded by the Babylonian schoolmen as the equivalent of their own Nergal.
While in the list above referred to, Lakhmu and Lakhamu are put in a class with Anshar and Kishar, in the creation epic they form a separate class, and Delitzsch has justly recognized, in this separation, the intention of the compilers to emphasize an advance in the evolution of chaos to order, which is the keynote of the Babylonian cosmology.
Delitzsch, however, thinks it comparatively more probable that the Syriac or Nabataan tongue, preserved after the dispersion at Babylon, was the one originally spoken. Yet he dismisses the possibility of demonstrating it.
He arrived "at the idea of the unity and indivisibility of the Supreme Being," and only as "in course of time this doctrine was changed and corrupted ... the dualism of God and the devil arose." "Monotheism was superseded by Dualism." Both Dr. F. Hommel and Friedrich Delitzsch agree on the question of an early Arabian and Sumerian monotheism. Dr.
The first word signifies Parables or Proverbs or Sayings; the second word is the supposed name of the author, Solomon. Here, doubtless, we have again, in the name of the author, what Delitzsch calls a common denominator. On this subject the words of William Aldis Wright, in Smith's "Bible Dictionary," express a conservative judgment:
Following Delitzsch, Babylonische Weltschöpfungsepos, pp. 20, 21. I pass over two fragments which Delitzsch adds to our 'epic. They are not sufficiently clear to be utilized for our purposes. Delitzsch may be right with regard to no. 20, but if so, it forms part or another version of the Marduk-Tiâmat episode. A standing phrase for "favor" in general. To prayer. The gods or the Igigi.
Belser in Haupt and Delitzsch, Beiträge sur Assyriologie, ii. 187 seq., col. vi. i. 3 seq. The character of this part of the hymn is quite different from that which precedes. For further notices of these gods, see chapter x. See above, p. 122. See p. 177.
The change is due to the "Delta," or alluvial formation at the mouth of the rivers. Delitzsch, it must be confessed that the results obtained are such as to completely avoid all the difficulties that beset the other explanations: yet we ought not to be too confident that it is a final or absolute explanation. A certain caution and reserve will still be wisely maintained on the subject.
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