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But Arschot swore that no man had the right to take precedence of him in the council of state, and that the appointment of this or any Spaniard was a violation of the charters of the provinces and of the promises of his Majesty. As if it were for the nobles of the obedient provinces to prate of charters and of oaths!

The new duke of Arschot had in times past, as prince of Chimay, fought against the king, and had even imagined himself a Calvinist, while his wife was still a determined heretic. It is true that she was separated from her husband.

The Count of Horn; too, with bold, sullen face, and fan-shaped beard-a brave, honest, discontented, quarrelsome, unpopular man; those other twins in doom the Marquis Berghen and the Lord of Montigny; the Baron Berlaymont, brave, intensely loyal, insatiably greedy for office and wages, but who, at least, never served but one party; the Duke of Arschot, who was to serve all, essay to rule all, and to betray all a splendid seignor, magnificent in cramoisy velvet, but a poor creature, who traced his pedigree from Adam, according to the family monumental inscriptions at Louvain, but who was better known as grand-nephew of the emperor's famous tutor, Chiebres; the bold, debauched Brederode, with handsome, reckless face and turbulent demeanor; the infamous Noircarmes, whose name was to be covered with eternal execration, for aping towards his own compatriots and kindred as much of Alva's atrocities and avarice, as he was permitted to exercise; the distinguished soldiers Meghen and Aremberg these, with many others whose deeds of arms were to become celebrated throughout Europe, were all conspicuous in the brilliant crowd.

But Arschot swore that no man had the right to take precedence of him in the council of state, and that the appointment of this or any Spaniard was a violation of the charters of the provinces and of the promises of his Majesty. As if it were for the nobles of the obedient provinces to prate of charters and of oaths!

There were present the Prince of Orange, the Duke of Arschot, Counts Egmont, Bergen, Megen, Aremberg, Horn, Hosstraten, Barlaimont, and others; the Barons Montigny and Hachicourt, all the knights of the Golden Fleece, with the President Viglius, State Counsellor Bruxelles, and the other assessors of the privy council.

The regent, in fear for her personal safety, which, even in the heart of the country, surrounded by provincial governors and Knights of the Fleece, she fancied insecure, was already meditating a flight to Mons, in Hainault, which town the Duke of Arschot held for her as a place of refuge, that she might not be driven to any undignified concession by falling into the power of the Iconoclasts.

The Duke of Arschot, however, who is already known to us as a zealous royalist, obtained a voice and seat in the latter.

Formal declaration of war against Spain Marriage festivities Death of Archduke Ernest His year of government Fuentes declared governor-general Disaffection of the Duke of Arschot and Count Arenberg Death of the Duke of Arschot Fuentes besieges Le Catelet The fortress of Ham, sold to the Spanish by De Gomeron, besieged and taken by the Duke of Bouillon Execution of De Gomeron Death of Colonel Verdugo Siege of Dourlens by Fuentes Death of La Motte Death of Charles Mansfeld Total defeat of the French Murder of Admiral De Pillars Dourlens captured, and the garrison and citizens put to the sword Military operations in eastern Netherlands and on the Rhine Maurice lays siege to Groento Mondragon hastening to its relief, Prince Maurice raises the siege Skirmish between Maurice and Mondragon Death of Philip of Nassau Death of Mondragon Bombardment and surrender of Weerd Castle Maurice retires into winter quarters Campaign of Henry IV. He besieges Dijon Surrender of Dijon Absolution granted to Henry by the pope Career of Balagny at Cambray Progress of the siege Capitulation of the town Suicide of the Princess of Cambray, wife of Balagny

The duke of Arschot was therefore named governor of Flanders; and he immediately put himself at the head of a confederacy of the Catholic party, which quickly decided to offer the chief government of the country, still in the name of Philip, to the archduke Mathias, brother of the emperor Rodolf II., and cousin-german to Philip of Spain, a youth but nineteen years of age.

There was the Duke of Aumale, pensionary of Philip, and one of the last of the Leaguers, who had just been condemned to death and executed in effigy at Paris, as a traitor to his king and country; there was the Prince of Chimay, now since the recent death of his father at Venice become Duke of Arschot; and between the two rode a gentleman forty-two years of age, whose grave; melancholy features although wearing a painful expression of habitual restraint and distrust suggested, more than did those of the rest of his family, the physiognomy of William the Silent to all who remembered that illustrious rebel.