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Updated: May 28, 2025
The stadtholderess had now issued orders to the chief magistrates to proceed with moderation against the heretics; orders which were obeyed in their most ample latitude by those to whose sympathies they were so congenial. Until then, the Protestants were satisfied to meet by stealth at night; but under this negative protection of the authorities they now boldly assembled in public.
The confederation, which owed its birth to, and was cradled in social enjoyments, was consolidated in the midst of a feast. The day following this first deputation to the stadtholderess, De Brederode gave a grand repast to his associates in the Hotel de Culembourg. Three hundred guests were present.
In his second letter, meant for the stadtholderess alone, he authorized her to assemble the states-general if public opinion became too powerful for resistance, but on no account to let it transpire that he had under any circumstances given his consent. During these deliberations in Spain, the Protestants in the Netherlands amply availed themselves of the privileges they had gained.
Proscription of the Prince of Orange His celebrated Apology Philip proposes sending back the Duchess of Parma as Stadtholderess Her son refuses to act jointly with her, and is left in the exercise of his Power The Siege of Cambray undertaken by the Prince of Parma, and gallantly defended by the Princess of Epinoi The Duke of Alencon created Duke of Anjou Repairs to England, in hopes of marrying Queen Elizabeth He returns to the Netherlands unsuccessful, and is inaugurated at Antwerp The Prince of Orange desperately wounded by an Assassin Details on John Jaureguay and his Accomplices The People suspect the French of the Crime Rapid Recovery of the Prince, who soon resumes his accustomed Activity Violent Conduct of the Duke of Anjou, who treacherously attempts to seize on Antwerp He is defeated by the Townspeople His Disgrace and Death Ungenerous Suspicions of the People against the Prince of Orange, who leaves Flanders in Disgust Treachery of the Prince of Chimay and others Treason of Hembyse He is executed at Ghent The States resolve to confer the Sovereignty on the Prince of Orange He is murdered at Delft Parallel between him and the Admiral Coligny Execution of Balthazar Gerard, his Assassin Complicity of the Prince of Parma.
A regular treaty to this effect was drawn up and executed by the respective plenipotentiaries, and formally approved by the stadtholderess, who affixed her sign-manual to the instrument. She only consented to this measure after a long struggle, and with tears in her eyes; and it was with a trembling hand that she wrote an account of these transactions to the king.
This total dispersion of the confederacy brought all the towns of Holland into obedience to the king. But the emigration which immediately commenced threatened the country with ruin. England and Germany swarmed with Dutch and Belgian refugees; and all the efforts of the stadtholderess could not restrain the thousands that took to flight.
While Valenciennes prepared for a vigorous resistance, a general synod of the Protestants was held at Antwerp, and De Brederode undertook an attempt to see the stadtholderess, and lay before her the complaints of this body; but she refused to admit him into the capital.
The citizens of Antwerp were terrified for the safety of the place, and courier after courier was despatched to the stadtholderess at Brussels to implore her presence. The duchess, not daring to take such a step without the authority of the king, sent Count Meghem as her representative, with proposals to the magistrates to call out the garrison.
Philip's reply to the three noblemen was a mere tissue of duplicity to obtain delay, accompanied by an invitation to Count Egmont to repair to Madrid, to hear his sentiments at large by word of mouth. His only answer to the stadtholderess was a positive recommendation to use every possible means to disunite and breed ill-will among the three confederate lords.
It was worse than useless to conclude a hollow convention with the stadtholderess of mock loyalty on his part and mock confidence on hers. Many other important considerations convinced William that his only honorable, safe, and wise course was to exile himself from the Netherlands altogether, until more propitious circumstances allowed of his acting openly, boldly, and with effect.
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