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The substantial identity between heredity and memory is becoming generally admitted; as regards my second point, however, I cannot flatter myself that I have made much way against the formidable array of writers on the neo-Darwinian side; I shall therefore devote the rest of my book as far as possible to this subject only. Romanes, Mr.
But the differences are profound, and go to the root of things. In the Romanes Lecture at Oxford. Throughout their early stages the movements of civilization for, properly speaking, there was no one movement were very slow, were local in space, and were partial in the sense that each developed along but few lines. Of the numberless years that covered these early stages we have no record.
Some of these are Judge Haliburton, Satirist; Roberts and Bliss Carman, Poets; Gilbert Parker, Grant Allen and Barr, Novelists; Romanes and Newcombe, Scientists; Girouard, Kennedy and Scott in the Army, and many others who have won laurels in the several walks of life.
Romanes has just published on Weismann in the Contemporary Review for this current month. The burden of Mr.
For the importance of panmixia as invalidating Darwin's strongest evidence for use-inheritance namely, that drawn from the effects of disuse in highly-fed domestic animals where there is supposed to be no economy of growth see Professor Romanes on Panmixia, Nature, April 3, 1890. Descent of Man, p. 33. Descent of Man, p. 33. Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication, i., 453.
Are these and similar actions reflex or instinctive? A grain of consciousness preceding an action which before has been reflex changes it into instinct. Mr. Romanes, probably correctly, regards them as purely reflex. We must, I think, believe that these actions result in consciousness even in the lowest forms. The selection and attainment of food certainly looks like conscious action.
Romanes is upholding the same opinions as Professor Hering's and my own, but their effect and tendency is more plain here than in Mr. Romanes' own book, where they are overlaid by nearly 400 long pages of matter which is not always easy of comprehension. The late Mr. Darwin himself, indeed whose mantle seems to have fallen more especially and particularly on Mr.
"How," he asked, "is the 'originating Mind' to be thought of as having states produced by things objective to it, as discriminating among these states, and classing them as like and unlike; and as preferring one objective result to another." It was by a similar line of reasoning that Romanes reached the like conclusions.
These are represented by the names of workers belonging to a generation which has for the most part already passed away: Darwin’s collaborateurs, such as Alfred Russel Wallace, who independently and simultaneously expounded the theory of natural selection, Haeckel and Fritz Müller, Nägeli and Askenasy, von Kölliker, Mivart, Romanes and others.
Among the most interesting examples of spontaneous acts of intelligence of the ape tribe are those related by Romanes, in his "Animal Intelligence," of the doings of a cebus monkey, which he kept for several months under close observation in his own house. Instead of selecting general examples of ape actions, we may cite some of the doings of this intelligent creature.
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