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Marcion's Gospel, it is known, presents certain readings which differ both from the received and other texts. Some of these are thought by Volkmar and Hilgenfeld to be more original and to have a better right to stand in the text than those which are at present found there.
Paul's Epistles, and the very 'chairs of the Apostles, preserved at Corinth and elsewhere. H. E. vi. 12. Hilgenfeld, Ev. Justin's, p. 157. I hope I may consider this a proof that the classification above given has not been influenced by bias. S.R. i. p. 354, ii. p. 28. Haer. 428 D. Justin's, p. 157.
There is room to doubt whether he would quite maintain as much as this himself. He has gone over the old ground, and reproduced the old arguments; but these arguments already lay before Hilgenfeld and Volkmar in their elaborate researches, and simply as a matter of scale the chapter in 'Supernatural Religion' can hardly profess to compete with these.
Marc. v. 16: 'Haec si Marcion de industria erasit, &c. V. 14: 'Salio et hic amplissimum abruptum intercisae scripturae. V. 3: 'Ostenditur quid supra haeretica industria eraserit, mentionem scilicet Abrahae, &c. Cf. Bleek, Einleitung, p. 136; Hilgenfeld, Evv. Justin's, &c., p. 473. Adv. So perhaps the insertion of iv. 27 in the history of the Samaritan leper.
See especially O. W. Emmet, The Eschatological Question in the Gospels and other Studies, pp. 191 ff., and K. Lake, The Earlier Epistles of St. Paul, pp. 274 ff. The most important names in the first period are Königsmann, Schleiermacher, Gfrörer, and Schwanbeck, especially the last; in the second period B. Weiss, Wendt, Sorof, Jüngst, J. Weiss, Spitta, Clemen, Hilgenfeld.
Hilgenfeld against the date dissolves away entirely on examination. But the writer of the Epistle is only reproducing the words of St. Paul, is quite general.
And a voice was heard from heaven, saying, 'Thou art my beloved Son, in Thee I am well pleased; and again, 'This day have I begotten Thee. And immediately a great light shone in that place. Epiphanius extracts this passage from the version in use among the Ebionites, but it is well known that there were many other varying forms of the same Gospel; and Hilgenfeld, with all probability, conjectures that the version known to Epiphanius was no longer in the same purity as that used by Justin, but represents the transition stage to the Canonical Gospels, adopting the words of the voice which they give without yet discarding the older form."
Haer. iv. 27. 2; 12. 12. Cf. Volkmar, p. 46. Marcion's, p. 45. We have just the remarkable coincidence spoken of above. The statement is mistaken in regard to Volkmar and Hilgenfeld. Both these writers would make Marcion retain this passage. It happens rather oddly that this is one of the sections on which the philological evidence for St. Adv. Marc. iv. 19, 37, 43. Adv.
But such an estimate would be in fact much too high, as there can be no doubt that the earlier researches of Hahn and Ritschl ought to be corrected by those of Hilgenfeld and Volkmar; and the difference between these two critics is quite insignificant.
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