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Updated: May 9, 2025
The Bolsheviki did not want the ideals of the Revolution to be realized, for the very simple reason that they were opposed to those ideals. In all the long struggle from Herzen to Kerensky the revolutionary movement of Russia had stood for political democracy first of all.
He got married at Tobolsk and became a mere respectable, middle-class man. And then he has no individual ideas. Herzen, the pamphleteer of "Kolokol," inspired him with the only fertile phrase that he ever uttered: "Land and Liberty!" But that is not yet the definite formula, the general formula what I may call the dynamite formula.
Nowhere is there a trace of Hellas, Rome does not exist for him, the Middle Age which allured Hugo has for Tolstoi no glamour. In this he but resembles the Russian writers from Krilov to the present day. It is equally true of Gogol, of Poushkine, of Tourgenieff, of Herzen, of Lermontoff, of Dostoievsky.
He copied them; and, about twenty years after the death of Paul, three or four copies were made from the Kourakine copy. Petersburg. From one of these M. Herzen made his transcript.
His influence upon the movement during many years was enormous. Herzen was half-German, his mother being German. He was born at Moscow in 1812, shortly before the French occupation of the city. His parents were very rich and he enjoyed the advantages of a splendid education, as well as great luxury.
He thought himself an Attila, and foresaw the consequences of his revolution; it was not only from instinct but also from theory that he urged a nation on to Nihilism. The phrase is not his, but Turgenieff's, I believe, but the idea certainly belonged to him. He got his programme of agricultural communism from Herzen, and his destructive radicalism from Pougatcheff, but he did not stop there.
And, as a sentimental argument against it, we were told by the Humanitarian Leaguers that it is 'obscene. This is just what might be expected, and bears out the foregoing remarks. But such saintly simplicity reminds us of the kind of squeamishness of which our old acquaintance Mephisto observes: Man darf das nicht vor keuschen Ohren nennen, Was keusche Herzen nicht entbehren konnen.
God, as Laplace said, is an hypothesis of which exact science has no need; he is, according to Herzen, at the most an X, which represents not the unknowable as Spencer and Dubois Raymond contend but all that which humanity does not yet know. Therefore, it is a variable X which decreases in direct ratio to the progress of the discoveries of science.
"Permit me, then, to recite the lines in which Wieland celebrated your 'Creation," said Iffland; and, advancing a few steps, holding the bouquet in his hand, and fixing his gleaming eyes on Haydn, who gazed at him with a gentle smile, Iffland recited in his full sonorous voice Wieland's beautiful lines: "Wie stroem't dein wogender Gesang In uns're Herzen ein!
Again they were silent for a minute. Shatov grinned disdainfully and irritably. "And that contemptible 'Noble Personality' of yours, that I wouldn't print here. Has it been printed?" he asked. "Yes." "To make the schoolboys believe that Herzen himself had written it in your album?" "Yes, Herzen himself." Again they were silent for three minutes. At last Shatov got up from the bed.
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