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His last patent, taken out in 1814, was for the application of Roman cement to timber for the purpose of preventing dry rot. Besides his various mechanical pursuits, Bramah also followed to a certain extent the profession of a civil engineer, though his more urgent engagements rendered it necessary for him to refuse many advantageous offers of employment in this line.

"Janet ought to obey at once," said her aunt, not adding to the serenity of Janet's mind; but she turned on her heel, ungraciously saying, "I'll get them;" and presently returned with her grandmother's key-box, full of the housekeeping keys, and a little key, which she gave to her uncle with great dignity, adding, "The key of her desk is the Bramah one; I'll see for the others."

The careful steward then expressed himself contented. Ah! vain man! he could fasten up his Rabelais, and other things secret, with all the skill of Bramah or of Chubb; but where could he fasten up the key which solved these mechanical mysteries?

Painting was the golden key this thinker held to the Bramah lock of an imbecile's understanding the ponderous wards were beginning to revolve when a blockhead came and did his best to hamper the lock. In English, Eden was gradually making the biped a man: comes Hawes and turns him a brute.

These two conditions seemed so conflicting that Bramah was almost at his wit's end, and for a time despaired of being able to bring the machine to a state of practical efficiency.

Thus Maudslay and Clement were trained in the workshops of Bramah; and Roberts, Whitworth, Nasmyth, and others, were trained in those of Maudslay. Joseph Clement was born at Great Ashby in Westmoreland, in the year 1779. His father was a hand-loom weaver, and a man of remarkable culture considering his humble station in life.

"When you were in your own study this morning at the top of the house " "Yes, my liege?" "I sent Valentine up to you with a desk. You were in that room, were you not?" "Oh, yes." "A small desk, that was once your mother's it has a Bramah lock." "I noticed that it had, and that it was locked." "What have you done with it?"

"You promised me shutters, with a detonator, sir." "Ay, but you objected." "That was before they blew me up." "Just so. Shutters shall be hung to-morrow; and the detonators I'll fix myself." "Thank you, sir. Would you mind engaging a watchman?" "Hum? Not if you will share the expense." "I'll pay one-third." "Why should I pay two thirds? It is not like shutters and Bramah locks: they are property.

Allen; but the article was still very imperfect; and Bramah had long resolved that if he could only secure some leisure for the purpose, he would contrive something that should supersede it altogether.

Thomas Young, in his article on Bramah in the Encyclopaedia Britannica, describes the "rotative principle" as consisting in making the part which acts immediately on the water in the form of a slider, "sweeping round a cylindrical cavity, and kept in its place by means of an eccentric groove; a contrivance which was probably Bramah's own invention, but which had been before described, in a form nearly similar, by Ramelli, Canalleri, Amontons, Prince Rupert, and Dr.