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Updated: June 5, 2025
This story came to the Bagobo from a young man of the Ata tribe, whose habitat is the mountainous country in the interior, to the northwest of the Gulf of Davao. "Alelu'k" and "Alebu'tud" are Ata names, for which the Bagobo forms are respectively Bungen and Batol.
Entrance to the dwelling was gained by a notched log. Once inside the house the arrangement impressed one as being similar to those of the Bagobo. Just above the door, and again in the far end of the room, poles were laid across the beams to form the floors of lofts which, in this case, were used as sleeping rooms.
It is not ordinarily associated in the mind of the Bagobo with any idea of retribution. This episode shows traces of Jesuit influence. See footnote 1, p. 15. The popular name "betel-nut," has been retained in these stories to designate the fruit of the areca-palm. The solid part of the betel-nut that remains after the juice has been extracted by long chewing.
A few old men, makating, are thought to be able to address the spirits with greater probability of success than the others; but they do not stand in the same relation to the spirit world as do the mabalian of the Bagobo. The nearest approach to that class is a group of women known as lokEs , who act as midwives and make use of roots and herbs in curing sickness.
They were informed that it was reported that a human sacrifice had been made at their town and that the authorities desired to know if this was so. They say that in case a Bagobo of rank or influence dies, and his widow be unable to secure another husband, it is necessary for her to offer sacrifice to appease the spirit of her departed husband in order that she may secure another.
Although the Bagobo raises a considerable quantity of tobacco he seldom, if ever, smokes it unless the leaf is furnished him, already prepared, by an outsider. Sometimes a small ball made of the green leaves is placed between the teeth and upper lip, where it remains until all the flavor has been extracted.
Then, after they had tried each other, they were married with Bagobo ceremony. The Basolo took off his coat, and again became a Malaki T'oluk Waig. They lived well in their house, and they had a big hacienda of hemp and cocoanuts and banana-plants. The Mona When the Mona lived on the earth, there was a certain man who said to his wife, "I want to go out and make some traps."
It should be noted at the outset that the Eto or Ata, living between the Guianga and Bagobo, should not be included in this division. In the region about Mt. Apo they are closely allied to the Obo and Tigdapaya, while in the region adjoining the Guianga they have intermarried with that people and have adopted many of their customs as well as dress.
The following stories were obtained from the Bagobo people, one of the groups of pagan Malays in southeastern Mindanao, Philippine Islands. Their habitat is on the eastern folds of the Cabadangan mountain-range, in the vicinity of Mount Apo, the highest peak, and on the foothills thence sloping down to the west coast of the Gulf of Davao.
The second, that they thus replaced the dead man with another, "for the slaves are like members of our own family." The decorative art of the Mandaya is similar in many respects to that of the Bagobo and Bila-an, yet in part it differs greatly from both.
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