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Updated: June 5, 2025
Although Bagobo songs are often designated as men's songs and women's songs, in the case of the stories I have found as yet no monopoly by either sex of any special type. The ulit, however, is often told by a young woman just after she leaves the loom, when darkness drops.
The story of "The Monkey and the Turtle" is clearly modified from a Spanish source. The myths here presented include only those of which no texts were recorded. A part of the material was given in the vernacular and interpreted by a Bagobo; a part was told in English, or in mixed English and Bagobo.
In the ornamentation of their garments certain groups have specialized until the bead work of the Bagobo excels all such work found in the Philippines. The same can be said of the intricate and beautifully embroidered designs seen in the garments of the Bila-an or the oversewed fabrics of the Kulaman, while the crudely embroidered patterns of the Mandaya are wonderfully effective.
This comb is made of bamboo or rattan splints drawn together at the center but flaring at top and bottom until it forms an ornament in the shape of an hour glass. In other respects the dress of the women differs little from that of the Bagobo. They have the same necklaces, arm and finger rings, leglets, and anklets, although in less quantity.
In the letters written by Father GISBERT in 1886, are many references to the religious practices of the Bagobo, from which the following are extracts: "The feast which they hold before the sowing is a criminal and repugnant trago-comedy. The tragical part is the first thing that is done.
The west coast of Davao Gulf between Daliao and Digos is dotted with small villages, the inhabitants of which are largely Bagobo who have been converted to the Christian faith and have been induced to give up their mountain homes and settle in towns. Back of this coast line rise densely timbered mountain peaks, lateral spurs from which often terminate in abrupt cliffs overlooking the sea.
Come up, provided you can keep from bringing on a fight." Lindig, "border;" ramut, "root;" ka, preposition "of;" langit, "sky." A low-growing tree yielding a black dye, which for a very long time has been used by women to color hemp. A bead necklace, the most highly valued of all Bagobo ornaments.
The domestic animals consist of a few chickens, dogs, an occasional cat and pig, and in the lower cogon lands, a few families possess horses. Some fish are secured from the river, while deer, wild pig, jungle fowl, and other game are taken with traps or secured by hunting. There seems never to have been a time when this tribe was organized under a single leader as was the case with the Bagobo.
The hardest work in the fields falls to the men; they also strip the hemp needed in weaving, while a few of them are skilled workers in brass and copper and turn out bells and other ornaments not at all inferior to those of the coast natives. Their methods of casting as well as their manufactures are identical with those of the Bagobo from whom they probably learned the art.
A class of warriors known as bagam dress in red and wear turbans of the same hue, while women mediums, ballyan, may also make use of red cloth. See p. 174. Other women wear blue cotton jackets, in the fronts and back of which are many artistic embroidered designs. Their hemp cloth skirts, like those of the Bagobo, are made tube-like and are held at the waist by means of belts.
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