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Updated: June 6, 2025
Probably not more than a dozen skulls are kept in a fawi at one time. The final resting place of the skull is again under the stones of the fawi. Samoki does not keep the skull at all; it remains where buried under the ato court. As was stated before, a skull is generally buried under the stones of the fawi court whenever the omens are such that a proposed head-hunting expedition is given up.
If the omens are persistently bad, it is customary for the warriors to return to their ato and hold the mo-ging ceremony, during which they bury under the stone pavement of the fawi court one of the skulls then preserved in the ato. In this way they explode their extra emotions and partially work off their disappointment.
Separate sleeping houses for girls similar to the o'-lag, I judge, are also found occasionally in Assam. Whereas, so far as known, the o'-lag occurs with the Igorot only among the Bontoc culture group, yet the above quotations and references point to a similar institution among distant people among some of the same people who have an institution very similar to the pabafunan and fawi. Afong
Nine-tenths of the men in the pueblos of Bontoc and Samoki wear on the breast the indelible tattoo emblem which proclaims them takers of human heads. The fawi of each ato in Bontoc has its basket containing skulls of human heads taken by members of the ato.
The bunch of runo is for a constant reminder to Lumawig to make the young rice stalks grow large. The pa-chi'-pad are to prevent Igorot from other pueblos entering the fawi and thus seeing the efficacious bundle of runo. During the ceremony of Lis-lis, at the close of the annual harvest of palay, both the cha-nug' and the pa-chi'-pad are destroyed by burning. Chaka
Unlike the fawi and pabafunan, the o'-lag has no adjoining court, and no shady surroundings. It is built to house the occupants only at night. The o'-lag is not so distinctly an ato institution as the pabafunan and fawi. Ato Ungkan never had an o'-lag. The demand is not so urgent as that of some ato, since there are only thirteen families in Ungkan. The girls occupy o'-lag of neighboring ato.
In the evening the head is buried under the stones of the fawi. In a head ceremony which began in Samoki May 21, 1903, there was a hand, a jaw, and an ear suspended from posts in the courts of ato Nag-pi', Ka'-wa, and Nak-a-wang', respectively. In each of the eight ato of the pueblo the head ceremony was performed.
He brings the head to his ato and it is put in a small funnel-shaped receptacle, called "sak-o'-long," which is tied on a post in the stone court of the fawi. The entire ato joins in a ceremony for the day and night; it is called "se'-dak." A dog or hog is killed, the greater part of which is eaten by the old men of the ato, while the younger men dance to the rhythmic beats of the gangsa.
On the second day the men of ato Sigichan, in which ato Lumawig resided when he lived in Bontoc, prepare a bunch of runo as large around as a man's thigh. They call this the "cha-nug'," and store it away in the ato fawi, and outside the fawi set up in the earth twenty or more runo, called "pa-chi'-pad the pud-pud' of the harvest field.
It is a rest period for the entire pueblo, with feasting and dancing, and three or four hogs are killed. The women may then enter the fawi; it is said to be the only occasion they are granted the privilege. In the fawi of ato Sigichan there are at present three skulls of men from Sagada, one of a man from Balugan, and one of a man and two of women from Baliwang.
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