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He commenced his examination of the doctrines and belief of the Christian Church with the very Culdees, from whom he passed to John Knox, from John Knox to the recusants in James the Sixth's time Bruce, Black, Blair, Livingstone, from them to the brief, and at length triumphant period of the Presbyterian Church's splendour, until it was overrun by the English Independents.
A varying tradition has assigned more than one supplement to the history. It is said by one account, that the young captain of Clan Quhele swam safe to shore, far below the Linns of Campsie; and that, wandering disconsolately in the deserts of Rannoch, he met with Father Clement, who had taken up his abode in the wilderness as a hermit, on the principle of the old Culdees.
Campbell, in his poem of Reullura, alludes to the married monks of Iona: " -The pure Culdees Were Albyn's earliest priests of God, Ere yet an island of her seas By foot of Saxon monk was trod, Long ere her churchmen by bigotry Were barred from holy wedlock's tie. 'Twas then that Aodh, famed afar, In Iona preached the word with power. And Reullura, beauty's star, Was the partner of his bower."
The famous Culdees, originally ascetic hermits, had before this day united in groups living under canonical rules, and, according to English observers, had ceased to be bachelors. Masses are said to have been celebrated by them in some "barbarous rite"; Saturday was Sabbath; on Sunday men worked. Lent began, not on Ash Wednesday, but on the Monday following.
And I have often thought of the fright a wild-cat or a beaver may have got when he came in here in the night, and then discovered he had stumbled on a lot of sleeping men " "Of men!" "They say this was a sanctuary of the Culdees; and I often wonder how the old chaps got their food.
On entering the order certain vows were taken by the members, but they were not those which were usually imposed by monastic orders, for of these, which are three, celibacy, poverty, and obedience, the Culdees were bound to none except the third.
On entering the order certain vows were taken by the members, but they were not those which were usually imposed by monastic orders, for of these, which are three, celibacy, poverty, and obedience. the Culdees were bound to none except the third.
Iona, from its position in the western seas, was exposed to the assaults of the Norwegian and Danish rovers by whom those seas were infested, and by them it was repeatedly pillaged, its dwellings burned, and its peaceful inhabitants put to the sword. These unfavorable circumstances led to its gradual decline, which was expedited by the subversion of the Culdees throughout Scotland.
In these respects and in others the Culdees departed from the established rules of the Romish church, and consequently were deemed heretical. The consequence was that as the power of the latter advanced that of the Culdees was enfeebled. It was not, however, till the thirteenth centurv that the communities of the Culdees were suppressed and the members dispersed.
He commenced his examination of the doctrines and belief of the Christian Church with the very Culdees, from whom he passed to John Knox, from John Knox to the recusants in James the Sixth's time Bruce, Black, Blair, Livingstone, from them to the brief, and at length triumphant period of the Presbyterian Church's splendour, until it was overrun by the English Independents.
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