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While drainage of distended thecae and bursae by means of openings made with hot irons was practiced by the Arabs, centuries ago, and good results have attended such heroic corrective measures, nevertheless the occasional serious complications which result from infection likely to be introduced in following such procedures, cause the prudent and skilful practitioner to employ safer methods of treatment.
The following epitaph, in memory of their father, who was interred in the church of St. Mary Woolnoth, is here inserted, as having been written by Mr. Pepys: Jacobus Houblon Londin. Petri filius, Ob fidem Flandria exulantis: Ex C. Nepotibus habuit LXX superstites: Filios V. videns mercatores florentissimos; Ipse Londinensis Bursae Pater. 19th. Mr.
However, in general practice a classification on an etiological basis is probably more practical and we shall consider inflammation of bursae and thecae as infectious and noninfectious. Infectious bursitis and thecitis is usually the result of direct introduction of septic material into the synovial structure by means of injuries.
Synovial distension of tendon sheaths and bursae in the region of the fetlock are caused by the same active agencies which produce this condition in other parts. The fetlock region is exposed to more frequent injury than is the carpus and as a consequence is more often affected.
In the consideration of group causes, lameness may be said to originate from affections of bones, ligaments, thecae and bursae, muscles and tendons, nerves, lymph vessels and glands, and blood vessels, and may also result from an involvement of one or several of the aforementioned tissues, caused by rheumatism.
Infection by contiguous extension occurs and also metastatic involvement is met with occasionally. The noninfectious inflammation of bursae and thecae usually result from contusions or strains and generally run their course without becoming infective in character, where vitality and resistance of the subject are normal.
In a general way, inflammation and other affections of bursae and thecae are considered very similar to like affections of joints. Muscles and tendons having to do with locomotion are more frequently injured than are any of the other structures whose function is to propel the body or sustain weight. This is due in part to the exposed position of muscles and tendons.
Careful and repeated dressings with antiseptics are necessary until the inflammation has largely disappeared and healing is rapidly taking place. It may be advisable to tie the horse in the stall so that it can not lie down. DISTENDED SYNOVIAL SACS, JOINT SHEATHS AND BURSAE, "GALLS." Soft enlargements may occur in the region of the knee and fetlock.
Wounds involving muscles, tendons and bursae usually cause lameness, and when involving a special organ, interfere with, or destroy, its function. Extensive or serious wounds may be followed by loss of appetite. An abnormal body temperature and other symptoms characteristic of the different forms of blood poisoning may follow infection of the injured tissues by certain germs.
The appearance of the wound varies in the different regions and the different tissues. If the tissues are badly torn or bruised, swelling and sloughing may occur. If the wound is transverse to the muscular fibres, it gaps more than when parallel to the muscle. Wounds involving tendons, bursae and closed articulations become swollen and discharge synovia.
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