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Updated: June 25, 2025
We have narrated the circumstance of his departure, while the advancing trumpets of Alva's army were almost heard in the distance. His memorable and warning interview with Egmont has been described.
Preparations of the Duke against Count Louis Precarious situation of Louis in Friesland Timidity of the inhabitants Alva in Friesland Skirmishing near Groningen Retreat of the patriots Error committed by Louis His position at Jemmingen Mutinous demonstrations of his troops Louis partially restores order Attempt to destroy the dykes interrupted by the arrival of Alva's forces Artful strategy of the Duke Defeat of Count Louis and utter destruction of his army Outrages committed by the Spaniards Alva at Utrecht Execution of Vrow van Diemen Episode of Don Carlos Fables concerning him and Queen Isabella Mystery, concerning his death Secret letters of Philip to the Pope The one containing the truth of the transaction still concealed in the Vatican Case against Philip as related by Mathieu, De Thou, and others Testimony in the King's favor by the nuncio, the Venetian envoy, and others Doubtful state of the question Anecdotes concerning Don Carlos His character.
The punsters of Brussels were sure not to let such an opportunity escape them, for the name of the captured town was susceptible of a quibble, and the event had taken place upon All Fools' Day. "On April's Fool's Day, Duke Alva's spectacles were stolen away," became a popular couplet.
You, the friend of Orange, have just declared that you did not grudge any man the faith to which he clung, and I will not doubt it. Well, I hold firmly to the old church, I am a Catholic and shall remain one. But in this hour I frankly confess, that I hate the inquisition and Alva's bloody deeds as much as you do.
The gibe had always been repelled in a manner becoming the envoys of a proud commonwealth; yet it was sufficiently galling that English garrisons should continue to hold Dutch towns; one of them among the most valuable seaports of the Republic, the other the very cradle of its independence, the seizure of which in Alva's days had always been reckoned a splendid achievement.
He asked Alva's advice whether on the whole it would not be better to let the Cardinal leave the Netherlands, at least for a time, on pretence of visiting his mother in Burgundy, and to invite Count Egmont to Madrid, by way of striking one link from the chain, as Granvelle had suggested.
"A terrible animal, indeed, is an unbridled woman," wrote secretary Gayas, from Madrid, at the close of Alva's administration for, notwithstanding every effort to entice, to intimidate, and to kidnap her from the Netherlands, there she remained, through all vicissitudes, even till the arrival of Don John.
He was received in Alva's camp with an extraordinary show of admiration and esteem.
For although the Prince insisted most earnestly and vigorously that religious toleration should be extended to the Catholics, and that no one should suffer for their religion, all were not so tolerant; and when the news arrived of wholesale massacres of Protestants by Alva's troops, the lower class were apt to rise in riot, and to retaliate by the destruction of the property of the Catholics in their towns.
It was very soon after the departure of Alva's fleet from Carthagena, that the Marquis Bergen felt his end approaching. He sent for the Prince of Eboli, with whom he had always maintained intimate relations, and whom he believed to be his disinterested friend.
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