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These latter, white they claimed to themselves a divine right, admitted of a like origin to civil authority: the former, challenging to their own order a celestial pedigree, derived the legislative power from a source no more dignified than the voluntary association of the people. * Rush. vol. vii. p. 224. Whitlocke, p. 106. Rush. vol. vii. p. 260, 261.
Whitlocke, p. 130, 131, 133, 136, Clarendon, vol. v. p. 665. The disposition of the forces on both sides was as follows: part of the Scottish army was employed in taking Pomfret and other towns in Yorkshire: part of it besieged Carlisle valiantly defended by Sir Thomas Glenham. Chester, where Biron commanded, had long been blockaded by Sir William Brereton; and was reduced to great difficulties.
But the same levity of mind still attended him, and the same disregard to engagements and professions. He took underhand his measures with the court, and declared against the parliament. * Clarendon, vol. iii. p. 10. Rush. vol. v. p. 786. Dugdale, p. 102. * Whitlocke, p. 59. Rush, vol. v. p. 683. Whitlocke, p. 60. Clarendon, vol. iii. p. 19.
* The king, by his coronation oath, promises that he would maintain the laws and customs which the people had chosen, "quas vulgus elegerit:" the parliament pretended, that elegerit meant shall choose; and, consequently, that the king had no right to refuse any bills which should be presented him. See Rush. vol. v. p. 580. Whitlocke, p. 55. Rush. vol. v. p. 565 etc. May, book ii p. 51.
Nay, Hollis was so industrious to continue his meritorious distress, that when one offered to bail him, he would not yield to the rule of court, and be himself bound with his friend. * Rushworth, vol. i. p. 684, 691. Whitlocke, p. *13. * Kennet vol. iii. p. 49. Rushworth, vol. v. p. 440.
In the house of commons, therefore, a committee was appointed to bring in a charge against the king. On their report a vote passed, declaring it treason in a king to levy war against his parliament, and appointing a high court of justice to try Charles for this new-invented treason. This vote was sent up to the house of peers. * Rush. vol. viii. p. 1364. Whitlocke.
The little popularity and credit acquired by the republicans, further stimulated the ambition of this enterprising politician. These men had not that large thought, nor those comprehensive views, which might qualify them for acting the part of legislators: selfish aims and bigotry chiefly engrossed their attention. * Heath's Chronicle, p. 301. Parl. Hist. vol. xx. p. 47. * Whitlocke, p. 523.
Laud obtained the bishopric of London for his friend Juxon: and, about a year after the death of Sir Richard Weston, created earl of Portland, had interest enough to engage the king to make that prelate high treasurer. His birth and character were deemed too obscure for a man raised to one of the highest offices of the crown. * Bushworth, vol. ii. p. 183. Whitlocke, p. 23.
The earl of Northumberland, fond of his rank and dignity, regarded with horror a scheme which, if it took place, would confound him and his family with the lowest in the kingdom. The earls of Warwick and Denbigh, Sir Philip Stapleton, Sir William Waller, Hollis, Massey, Whitlocke, Maynard, Glyn, had embraced the same sentiments.
It behoved him, therefore, to proceed cautiously, and to cover his enterprises under the pretence of ancient precedents, which, considering the great authority commonly enjoyed by his predecessors, could not be wanting to him. From the nobility he desired assistance: from the city he required a loan of one hundred thousand pounds. * Rushworth, vol. i. p. 413. Whitlocke, p. 7.
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