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Updated: June 22, 2025
The meaning of the section therefore is that it is the soul which moves enveloped by water and the other rudimentary elements. To this the next Sutra replies. Or it is metaphorical, on account of their not knowing the Self. For thus Scripture declares. He who performs sacrifices, and so on, and thus does not know the Self, is here below and in yonder world a mere means of enjoyment for the devas.
The Ultra-realism of Northern Buddhism. This is the Japanese name for that famous sutra, the Saddharma Pundarika, so often mentioned in these chapters but a thousand-fold more so in Japanese literature. The Ten-dai and the Nichiren sects are allied, in that both lay supreme emphasis upon this sutra; but the former interprets it with an intellectual, and the latter with an emotional emphasis.
This prima facie view is controverted by the Sutra. The holding together of all powers, &c., although not mentioned in connexion with any special meditation, is not to be included in all meditations whatever, but to be connected with particular meditations 'on the same ground, i.e. according to difference of place.
To this reasoning the Sutra replies 'there also. Also, in the instances of milk and water, activity is not possible in the absence of an intelligent principle, for these very cases have already been referred to as proving our position. That even in water and so on an intelligent principle is present is proved by scriptural texts, 'he who dwells in water' and so on.
It is ascribed to Badarayana, sometimes called Vyasa, though this last is really a generic name denoting "a collector." The word "sutra" denotes literally "threads," and is used by Brahmanic writers for short, dry sentences, brief expositions. The second great division of Hindu sacred literature is the "Puranas," the last and most modern of the books of Hinduism.
Indeed, the list of glorified animals reminds us somewhat of the ancient beast-worship of Egypt. The very book itself is also worshipped, for the Nichirenites are extreme believers in verbal inspiration, and pay divine honors to each jot and tittle of the sutra, which to them is a god.
This was in allusion to the vow made by Amida, that he would not accept Buddhaship except under the condition that salvation be made attainable for all who should sincerely desire to be born into his kingdom, and signify their desire by invoking his name ten times. It is upon the passage in the sutra where this vow is recorded, that the doctrine of the sect is based.
For the origination of Ether, which is not made up of parts and is all pervasive, cannot be imagined in any way. Up. Up. To this the Sutra replies. But there is. But there is origination of Ether. For Scripture, which is concerned with matters transcending sense perception, is able to establish the truth even of the origination of Ether, although this be not proved by other means of knowledge.
Who then are the beings called 'five- people? To this question the next Sutra replies. The breath, and so on, on the ground of the complementary passage. We see from a complementary passage, viz.
That is to say the individual soul which, in its essential nature, is non-limited, and therefore of the nature of Brahman, owing to the influence of Nescience enters into the state of a god, or a man, or an animal, or a plant. This view is rejected by the Sutra.
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