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For the meaning of this phrase, see Winckler's Altorientalische Forschungen, iii. 208-222, and Jensen's Kosmologie, p. 167. From Heuzey's note in De Sarzec, Décourveries en Chaldée, p. 31, it would appear that at Lagash there was a zikkurat of modest proportions, but Dr.
Neither texts nor monuments help us to fill up the gap. The excavations of M. de Sarzec have indeed brought to light the fragments of an Assyrian stele in which a funerary scene is represented, but unfortunately its meaning is by no means clear. I cannot point to an Assyrian relief in which the same theme is treated.
* The tablets found at Telloh by the late M. de Sarzec, and published during his lifetime, fall into two main classes, which date from different periods in early Chaldæan history. The great majority belong to the period when the city of Ur held pre-eminence among the cities of Southern Babylonia, and they are dated in the reigns of Dungi, Bur- Sin, Gamil-Sin, and Ine-Sin.
As an example of the varieties of section presented by these bricks, we may cite those found by M. de Sarzec in the ruins of Tello, which belonged to a circular pillar. This pillar was composed of circular bricks, placed in horizontal courses round a centre of the same material. Elsewhere triangular bricks, which must have formed the angles of buildings have been found.
For a further account of the financial side of the temple establishments, see Peiser's excellent remarks in his Babylonische Verträge des Berliner Museums, pp. xvii-xxix. Hilprecht, Old Babylonian Inscriptions, i. 2, p. 24. Nine magnificent diorite statues of Gudea were found by De Sarzec at Telloh. Ashes the trace of sacrifices were also found on the altar.
De Sarzec, Découvertes en Chaldée, pls. 24, 25 bis, etc. See p. 537. De Sarzec, Découvertes en Chaldée, pls. 4, 4 bis and 43 bis. On the latter, bulls, lions, and eagle in combination. See p. 653. See the plan in Schick, Die Stiftshütte, pl. 5. Herodotus, book i. sec. 183, speaks of two altars outside of the temple of Marduk in Babylon.
The new director of the French mission in Chaldæa arrived at Telloh in January, 1903, and one of his first acts was to shift the site of the mission's settlement from the bank of the Shatt el-Hai, where it had always been established in the time of M. de Sarzec, to the mounds where the actual digging took place.
They were found to contain the same royal title as the other figure of similar style and material discovered by M. de Sarzec on the same spot, the title, namely, of the individual whom archæologists have at present agreed to call Gudea.
The most curious and strongly marked of these is furnished by one of the most ancient monuments that have come down to us; we mean a statue found at Tello in Lower Chaldæa by M. de Sarzec.
A number of sockets found by M. de Sarzec in the ruins of Tello are now deposited in the Louvre. The British Museum has a considerable number found in various places. In the same case as the Balawat gates there is a brick, which has obviously been used for this purpose. PLACE, Ninive, vol. i. p. 314.
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