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"The Engis skull, as originally figured by Professor Schmerling, was in a very imperfect state; but other fragments have since been added to it by the care of Dr. From the middle of the occipital foramen to the middle of the roof of each orbit, the base of the skull is destroyed, and the facial bones are entirely absent.
W., on muscular fasciculi in man referable to the panniculus carnosus; on the occurrence of the supra-condyloid foramen in the human humerus; on muscles attached to the coccyx in man; on the filum terminale in man; on the variability of the muscles; on abnormal conditions of the human uterus; on the development of the mammary glands; on male fishes hatching ova in their mouths; on the external perpendicular fissure of the brain; on the bridging convolutions in the brain of a chimpanzee.
We are told, and with perfect truth, that in man the occipital foramen the aperture through which the brain is connected with the spinal cord is so placed that the head is nearly in equilibrium when he stands upright.
One of these, especially constant and large in many bones, is called the nutrient foramen, and transmits an artery to nourish the bone. At the ends of a long bone, where it expands, there is no medullary canal, and the bony tissue is spongy, with only a thin layer of dense bone around it. In flat bones we find two layers or plates of compact tissue at the surface, and a spongy tissue between.
It has been found to be associated with such congenital lesions of the heart as an open foramen ovale or foramen Botalli, or with an imperfect ventricular septum, and perhaps with tricuspid stenosis in short, a cardiac congenital defect. The right ventricle becomes hypertrophied, if the child lives to overcome the obstruction.
For in the fetus the blood does not flow from the heart into the lungs, giving it the ability to respire; but it flows through the foramen ovale into the left ventricle of the heart; consequently the fetus is unable to move any part of its body, but lies enswathed, neither has it sensation, for its organs of sense are closed.
Some parts which are rudimentary in man, as the os coccyx in both sexes, and the mammae in the male sex, are always present; whilst others, such as the supracondyloid foramen, only occasionally appear, and therefore might have been introduced under the head of reversion.
For in these latter the cornea is at first perforated, while different degrees of perforation of the same part are presented by different adult cuttle-fishes large in the calamaries, smaller in the octopods, and reduced to a minute foramen in the true cuttle-fish sepia.
Supra-condyloid foramen in the early progenitors of man. Suspicion, prevalence of, among animals. Swallow-tail butterfly. Swallows deserting their young. Swan, black, wild, trachea of the; white, young of; red beak of the; black-necked. Swans, young. Swaysland, Mr., on the arrival of migratory birds. Swifts, migration of.
In the Man, the occipital foramen, through which passes the great nervous cord connecting the brain with the nerves of the body, is placed just behind the centre of the base of the skull, which thus becomes evenly balanced in the erect posture; in the Gorilla, it lies in the posterior third of that base.
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