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While you deplore that the life of others is not long, You forget that you yourself are approaching death! Through your dislike of the gauze hat as mean, You have come to be locked in a cangue; Yesterday, poor fellow, you felt cold in a tattered coat, To-day, you despise the purple embroidered dress as long!

Terkutai fastened on him a cangue the instrument of torture used by the Chinese, consisting of two boards which are fastened to the shoulders, and when joined together round the neck form an effectual barrier to desertion. He one day found means to escape while the Taidshuts were busy feasting.

Here I saw for the first time in my life a man carrying a cangue, and a horrible, sickening feeling seized me as I tramped through the densely-packed street and watched the poor fellow. The mob were evidently clamoring for his death, and were prepared to make sport of his torments.

"No girl speaketh thus to the Prince Kaou and liveth," he said insolently. "Give me instant test of thy boast, or the wooden collar in the palace torture-house, shall be thy fate." The "wooden collar" was the "kia" or "cangue," a terrible instrument of torture used in China for the punishment of criminals. "Give me the arrows, Prince," the girl said, bravely, "and I will make good my words."

The cangue, if its wearers were properly fed and screened from the sun, is rather a disgrace than a cruel mode of punishment.

One of them stopped just by our cab; the rain was trickling down his nose; he looked as dismal as the weather. I could not resist the temptation of explaining that these were some of our literati undergoing punishment for some of the books or plays they had written. In China the crime is set forth on a board hung on the neck of the criminal, called the cangue.

The Emperor Jên Tsung, to please the Empress, had a universal amnesty proclaimed throughout the Empire, under which all prisoners were set free. On receipt of this edict, Pao Lao-yeh liberated Ts'ao Ching-hsiu from the cangue, and allowed him to go free.

His most formidable enemy was Chamuka, chief of the Juriats, and for a long time he had all the worst of the struggle, being taken prisoner on one occasion, and undergoing the indignity of the cangue.

By this time we all felt hungry, and began to wend our way towards the yamun. On the outskirts may be seen prisoners in chains, or wearing the cangue, imprisoned in a cage, or else suffering one of the numerous tortures inflicted in this country. I did not go to see any of these horrors, neither did I visit the execution ground; but some of the party did, and described it as a most horrible sight.

Outside the Naam-Hoi Prison The Punishment of the Cangue Crime and Misery A Birthday Banquet "Prisoners and Captives" Prison Mortality Cruelties and Iniquities The Porch of the Mandarin The Judgment-Seat The Precincts of the Judgment-Seat An Aged Claimant Instruments of Punishment The Question by Torture