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Updated: June 6, 2025
Nautilus Domeykus, d'Orbigny, "Voyage" Part Pal. Terebratula aenigma, d'Orbigny, "Voyage" Part Pal. Terebratula ignaciana, d'Orbigny, "Voyage" Part Pal. This latter species was found by M. Domeyko in the same block of limestone with the T. aenigma. According to M. d'Orbigny, it comes near to T. ornithocephala from the Lias.
And there by the dim light that fell upon the desk, in the silence of that little retreat so high above the street, surrounded with objects what had come from distant corners of the earth and from the depths of the sea, when my mind wandered, and I became fatigued because of the mysterious differences in the forms of animals, and because of the infinite variety of shells, with what emotion I wrote down in my book, opposite the name of a Spirifer or a Terebratula, such enchanting words as these: "Eastern coast of Africa," "coast of Guinea," "Indian Ocean."
But if Globigerina, and Terebratula caput-serpentis and Beryx, not to mention other forms of animals and of plants, thus bridge over the interval between the present and the Mesozoic periods, is it possible that the majority of other living things underwent a "sea-change into something new and strange" all at once?
Pecten Dufreynoyi, d'Orbigny, "Voyage, Part Pal." This species, which occurs here in vast numbers, according to M. D'Orbigny, resembles certain cretaceous forms. Ostrea hemispherica, d'Orbigny, "Voyage" etc. Also resembles, according to the same author, cretaceous forms. Terebratula aenigma, d'Orbigny, "Voyage" etc. Is allied, according to M. d'Orbigny, to T. concinna from the Forest Marble.
Among them was the Helix barbula, an Asturian species, Helix pauperata, and Bulimus variatus, Madeiran or Canarian forms. A considerable number of marine and terrestrial Testacea were procured at Rio de Janeiro, not a few of them new and of great interest. Terebratula rosea was dredged off Rio in thirteen fathoms water, on a coarse sandy bottom.
The relations of these species have been given under the head of Coquimbo. Terebratula aenigma, d'Orbigny, "Voyage" Part Pal. This shell M. d'Orbigny does not consider identical with his T. aenigma, but near to T. obsoleta. Professor Forbes thinks that it is certainly a variety of T. aenigma: we shall meet with this variety again at Copiapo. Spirifer Chilensis, E. Forbes.
At the foot of the first ridge of the main Cordillera, in the ravine of Maricongo, and at an elevation which, from the extreme coldness and appearance of the vegetation, I estimated at about ten thousand feet, I found beds of white sandstone and of limestone including the Pecten Dufreynoyi, Terebratula aenigma, and some Gryphites.
It affords the thickest stratum of pure vegetable matter hitherto detected in any secondary rock in England. One seam of coal of good quality has been worked three and a half feet thick, and there are several feet more of pyritous coal resting upon it. Terebratula fimbria, Sowerby. Inferior Oolite marl. Rhynchonella spinosa, Schloth. Pholadomya fidicula, Sowerby. One-third natural size.
Bollaert has described "Geological Proceedings" volume 2 page 598, a singular mass of stratified detritus, gravel, and sand, eighty-one yards in thickness, overlying the limestone, and abounding with loose masses of silver ore. Lucina Americana, E. Forbes. Terebratula inca, E. Forbes. Terebratula aenigma, D'Orbigny.
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