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Updated: June 21, 2025
Mythical narratives occupy much space in these odes, for in the time of Pindar the mythical past was invested with a splendor and sublimity, of which even the faint reflection was sufficient to embellish the present. ORPHIC DOCTRINES AND POEMS. The interval between Homer and Pindar is an important period in the history of Greek civilization.
So far was he from ignoring religion, that he founded a society in southern Italy which was primarily a religious community. It is quite possible that he was influenced by the growth of the Orphic societies which had begun to spread everywhere in the course of the sixth century, but his religion differed from the Orphic in many ways.
He perceives that if his law is still paramount, if still he have elemental power, if his word is sterling yet in nature, it is not conscious power, it is not inferior but superior to his will. It is Instinct. Thus my Orphic poet sang. At present, man applies to nature but half his force. He works on the world with his understanding alone.
I vaguely remember that the Orphic Alcott invaded the Sahara of silence with a solemn "saying", to which, after due pause, the honorable member for blackberry pastures responded by some keen and graphic observation; while the Olympian host, anxious that so much good material should be spun into something, beamed smiling encouragement upon all parties.
It is and always has been the religion of the mystic. But the Orphic tradition, with its pictures of purgatory and of eternal bliss and torment, has on the whole dominated the other two in popular Christian belief.
It is the same black canvas upon which plays the rainbow-flash of his fancy, never, in its brightest moment, more than illuminating the gloom. This marks all his writings. They have a terrible beauty, like the siren, and their fascination is as sure. After six years of absence Hawthorne returned to Concord, where he purchased a small house formerly occupied by Orphic Alcott.
He was the same man, if we may credit the story, who afterwards migrated to Italy and became the founder of the famous Crotonian School of Philosophy; the man who developed the religion of the Orphic mysteries; who conceived the idea of the music of the spheres; who promulgated the doctrine of metempsychosis; who first, perhaps, of all men clearly conceived the notion that this world on which we live is a ball which moves in space and which may be habitable on every side.
Aeolic Lyric Poets; Alcasus; Sappho; Anacreon. 9. Doric, or Choral Lyric Poets; Alcman; Stesichorus; Pindar. 10. The Orphic Doctrines and Poems. 11. Pre-Socratic Philosophy; Ionian, Eleatic, Pythagorean Schools. 12. History; Herodotus. Literary Predominance of Athens. 2. Greek Drama. 3. Tragedy. 4. The Tragic Poets; Aeschylus; Sophocles; Euripides. 5. Comedy; Aristophanes; Menander. 6.
The theogony of Homer is extended by Hesiod in many essential points. He prefixes the dynasty of Uranos, and differs in minor conceptions, as in the character of the Cyclops. The Orphic theogony is again another advance, having new fictions and new personages, as in the case of Zagreus, the horned child of Jupiter by his own daughter Persephone.
And Plato speaks of a lower grade of Orphic priests, Orpheotelestai, "who used to come before the doors of the rich, and promise, by sacrifices and expiatory songs, to release them from their own sins, and those of their forefathers;" and such would be but too likely to get a hearing from the man who was afraid of a weasel or an owl.
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