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Updated: June 21, 2025
Animals suffering from open joints of this kind should be confined in a standing position, preferably in slings, and kept so confined for three or four weeks. Since they usually bear weight upon the affected member, there is no danger of laminitis resulting. Luxation of the Scapulohumeral Joint.
Spasmodic contraction of the crural muscles which sometimes retains the patella in such position that the leg is rigidly extended, does not in itself constitute luxation of the patella; and unless this bone becomes lodged on the upper portion of a femoral condyle or laterally displaced out of its femoral groove, luxation cannot be said to exist in the horse. These are sub-luxations.
Often fracture of bones are concomitant and then, of course, mobility is increased and not decreased as is the case in uncomplicated luxation. Such violence occurs at times, when this joint is disarticulated, that the joint capsule is also completely ruptured and the articular portion of the bones is exposed to view. Treatment.
Temporary luxation of the patella is a common affection of the horse and fixed luxation of this bone also occurs. As a matter of fact, in the horse, patellar luxation is the one frequent affection of this kind.
The symptoms may vary. The displacement may be first noticed when the horse is backed out of the stall or turned quickly. A slight "hitch" in the movement of the limb is noted, that is followed by more noticeable flexion of the hock than normal. In case the luxation is more permanent, the horse stands quietly with the affected leg held stiffly and extended backward.
Luxation of the patella is a condition wherein the articular portions of the femur and patella assume abnormal relations whether such displacement of the patella be momentary and capable of spontaneous reduction, or fixed and requiring corrective manipulation.
The same general plan of after-care is necessary. Recovery, however, does not require so much time ordinarily, yet punctures of the sheath occasioned by nails or other small implements make for long drawn out cases of infective synovitis. Luxation of the Fetlock Joint. Etiology and Occurrence.
Two forms of true patellar luxation in the horse may be considered; one which is due to the patella becoming fixed upon the internal trochlear rim of the femur and the other when the patella slips over the outer rim of the trochlea. According to Cadiot and Almy, it is only by the rupture of this ligament the femeropatellar that upward luxation may occur.
"Now, when we all heard Doc say them words we knowed he was shore scientific, and we come up clost while the examination was progressin'. "'Most extraordinary, says Doc, feelin' some more. 'Now, here is a distant luxation in the lumber regions. He talked like Pinto had a wooden leg. "'I should diagnose great cerebral excitation, along with pernounced ocular hesitation, says Doc at last.
This type of luxation is rarely observed and is usually due to violent strain and abnormal extension of the stifle joint. The second class, outward luxation, occurs in colts and is, in many instances, congenital. This form of luxation is also the one usually seen following debilitating diseases such as influenza and pneumonia.
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