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Updated: June 16, 2025
If the animal is very lame, it should be given a narrow stall, and placed in a sling until it can support its weight on the limb. The same treatment is indicated in cattle. It is not advisable to breed a mare that has had the ileum fractured.
The woman recovered, but died five months later from a second attack of intussusception, the ileum rupturing and peritonitis ensuing. There is a record in this country of a woman of forty-five who discharged 44 inches of intestine, and who survived for forty-two days. The autopsy showed the sigmoid flexure gone, and from the caput ceci to the termination the colon only measured 14 inches.
Buried in the mucous layer throughout the length, both of the small and large intestines, are other glands which secrete intestinal fluids. Thus, in the lower part of the ileum there are numerous glands in oval patches known as Peyer's patches. These are very prone to become inflamed and to ulcerate during the course of typhoid fever. The Large Intestine.
Before leaving this subject, we mention a marvelous operation performed by Billroth on a married woman of twenty-nine, after her sixth pregnancy. This noted operator performed, synchronously, double ovariotomy and resections of portions of the bladder and ileum, for a large medullary carcinomatous growth of the ovary, with surrounding involvement.
The first eight or ten inches form a short curve, known as the duodenum. The upper two fifths of the remainder is called the jejunum, and the lower three fifths is known as the ileum. This is known as the ileo-cæcal valve. The mucous membrane of the small intestine is richly supplied with blood vessels and contains glands that secrete a digestive fluid known as the intestinal juice.
Among others mentioning considerable sloughing of intestine following intussusception, and usually with complete subsequent recovery, are Bare, 13 inches of the ileum; Blackton, nine inches; Bower, 14 inches; Dawson, 29 inches; Sheldon, 4 1/2 feet; Stanley, three feet; Tremaine, 17 inches; and Grossoli, 40 cm. Rupture of the Intestines.
In this hernial protrusion were recognized four or five feet of the ileum, the cecum with its appendix, part of the ascending colon with corresponding portions of the mesentery; the distribution of the superior mesentery, made more apparent by its living pulsation, was more beautifully displayed in its succession of arches than in any dissection that Doughty had ever witnessed.
`` One observed, their report went on, about the end of the ileum some grains of a whitish appearance and rather stubbornly attached. These grains, being removed, showed all the characteristics of white arsenic oxide. Put upon glowing charcoal they volatilized, giving off white smoke and a garlic odour.
The next of the small intestines is the 'jejunum', so called from its being generally empty. It is smaller in bulk than the duodenum, and the chyme passes rapidly through it. Next in the list is the 'ileum'; but it is difficult to say where the jejunum terminates and the ileum commences, except that the latter is usually one-fifth longer than the former.
In the surgical treatment of appendicitis the American profession has taken the lead, and the mention of this disease brings to mind such names as McBurney, whose name is given to an anatomical point McBurney's Point midway between the right anterior superior spine of the ileum and the umbilicus, Deaver of Philadelphia, and Ochsner and Murphy of Chicago.
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