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An entirely new light, however, has been thrown on the meaning of this clan-system by the recent researches of Dr. and Mrs. Seligmann. It now turns out that some of the Veddas are exogamous that is to say, are obliged by custom to marry outside their own clan though others are not. The question then arises, Which, for the Veddas, is the older system, marrying-out or marrying-in?
In Australia the tribe a term to be defined presently is nearly always split up into two exogamous divisions, which it is usual to call phratries. Then, in some of the Australian tribes, the phratry is subdivided into two, and, in others, into four portions, between which exogamy takes place according to a curious criss-cross scheme.
The non-Aryan peoples of India are divided into a large number of exogamous clans, each with its sacred object, which it is unlawful to injure or use. A departure from ordinary totemic usage appears in the fact that in many cases the sacred objects receive worship. The Aryans of India have exogamy but not totemism, and this is true in part of the Assamese.
Thus the wolves might call themselves Claudii, from their chief's name, and, giving up belief in descent from a wolf, might look back to a fancied ancestor named Claudius. The result of these changes will be that an exogamous totem kin, with female descent, has become a gens, with male kinship, and only the faintest trace of exogamy.
“The tribe is divided into exogamous totem clans. Marriage is arranged exclusively by the women. The elder woman of the suitor’s family carries the proposal to the girl’s clan mother. If this is entertained, the question of marriage is discussed at length by the matrons of the two clans.
They eat arums largely, and for vegetables they cook wild plantains and the young shoots of bamboos and cane plants. The Lynngams are divided up into exogamous clans in the same manner as the Khasis. The clans are overgrown families.
Right this time! He gripped the handles and put his head down. He would overtake her. The situation was primordial. The Man beneath prevailed for a moment over the civilised superstructure, the Draper. He pushed at the pedals with archaic violence. So Palaeolithic man may have ridden his simple bicycle of chipped flint in pursuit of his exogamous affinity. She vanished round the corner.
In the nature of the case these hypotheses do not admit of proof or disproof. All that is certain is that the classificatory system has been and is an accompaniment of one stage of social and religious development. +427+. The effect of exogamous arrangements has been to prevent marriage between persons related in blood.
M'Lennan says, 'that the prejudice against marrying women of the same group may have been established before the facts of blood relationship had made any deep impression on the human mind. How the exogamous prohibition tends to confirm this view will next be set forth in our consideration of Totemism. The Evidence from Totemism.
In the former case, the law only prohibits marriage with persons of the father's, in the second case with persons of the mother's, family name, and these only it recognises as kindred. The exogamous prohibition must first have come into force when kinship was so little understood that it could best be denoted by the family name.
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