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Updated: June 21, 2025
The political aim of these enactments to put an end to the share which the equites had hitherto had in the government is clear as day; but it as little admits of doubt, that these were not mere measures of a political tendency, but that they formed the first attempt to amend the Roman criminal procedure and criminal law, which had since the struggle between the orders fallen more and more into confusion.
But when an esteemed Siceliot, because he had not been ready to help the governor in a crime, was by the latter condemned to death in his absence and unheard; when even Roman burgesses, if they were not equites or senators, were in the provinces no longer safe from the rods and axes of the Roman magistrate, and the oldest acquisition of the Roman democracy security of life and person began to be trodden under foot by the ruling oligarchy; then even the public in the Forum at Rome had an ear for the complaints regarding its magistrates in the provinces, and regarding the unjust judges who morally shared the responsibility of such misdeeds.
He lost his life at the same time with Saturninus. This Servilius was a great favourite with the people. He was accused of malversation in his proconsulship of Asia, B.C. 99, convicted by the judices, who at that time were taken from the Equites, and retired to Smyrna, where he spent the rest of his days. He wrote his own Memoirs in Latin, and a history of Rome in Greek.
The Senate met as in the days of the Gracchi. There were consuls and praetors still. But it was merely equites or rich men who filled the senatorial benches tools of the emperor, as were all the officers of the state.
Now, however, the equites were touched in their hearts at the fate probably of some of their own kinsmen, and almost certainly in an even more sensitive part their purses. For no doubt there were commercial relations between the Italian community at Cirta and the Roman merchants, and here their gains were confiscated at one stroke by a savage.
Thus the titles of feudal lords were retained duce, comites, equites, milites with, all the paraphernalia of brute force which the harsh mind of northern despotism had made divine.
IV. I. The Callaeci Conquered IV. I. The New Organization of Spain IV. VII. Second Year of the War III. XIII. Irreligious Spirit A delightful specimen may be found in Cicero de Officiis, iii. 12, 13. IV. VI. Collision between the Senate and Equites in the Administration of the Provinces; IV. IX. Siege of Praeneste
IV. VI. Collision between the Senate and Equites in the Administration of the Provinces IV. III. Modifications of the Penal Law I. VII. Relation of Rome to Latium, II. V. As to the Officering of the Army II. VII. Furnishing of Contingents; III. XI. Latins III. XI. Roman Franchise More Difficult of Acquisition III. XI. Roman Franchise More Difficult of Acquisition
The first use which Sulla made of his absolute power was to outlaw all his enemies. Lists of the proscribed were posted at Rome and in the Italian cities. It was a fearful visitation. A second reign of terror took place, more fearful and systematic than that of Marius. Four thousand seven hundred persons were slaughtered, among whom were forty senators, and one thousand six hundred equites.
The regents dropped hints, that through such opposition the equites might easily lose their new special places in the theatre, and the commons their bread-corn; people were therefore somewhat more guarded perhaps in the expression of their displeasure, but the feeling remained the same. The lever of material interests was applied with better success. Caesar's gold flowed in streams.
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