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Updated: May 21, 2025
V. III. Attempts to Restore the Tribunician Power According to the legend king Romulus was torn in pieces by the senators. IV. II. Further Plans of Gracchus V. III. Senate, Equites, and Populares V. II. Metellus Subdues Crete V. II. Renewal of the War V. II. Sieges of the Pontic Cities V. II. All the Armenian Conquests Pass into the Hands of the Romans V. II. Syria under Tigranes
Like Caius, too, he endeavoured to conciliate the equites; but they had all the Roman prejudice against admitting Italians to a level with themselves, and the attempt to play off party against party utterly failed. In vain Saturninus tried to defy opposition by enlisting the support of the Marian veterans.
IV. IV. The Domain Question under the Restoration III. XI. Separation of the Orders in the Theatre IV. III. Insignia of the Equites. IV. VI. Livius Drusus IV. VII. Rejection of the Proposals for an Accomodation III. XI. The Nobility in Possession of the Senate How many quaestors had been hitherto chosen annually, is not known.
But the Senate scorned and yet feared the threatened invasion by which it would be severed into two antagonistic halves. The equites left behind were jealous of the equites promoted; and where Drusus hoped to conciliate both classes, he only drew down their united animosity upon himself. Even in Italy his plans were not unanimously approved.
Whether this extraordinary decree, of which the legality might have been questioned a generation later, had any permanent effect, we do not know; certainly the senators, and after the time of Gaius Gracchus the equites, sat on seats appropriated to them.
As early as the first tribunate of Saturninus his armed bands had their skirmishes with the equites; the vehement opposition which his election as tribune for 654 encountered shows clearly how small was the party favourable to him.
He had seen his brother fall because the equites and the senators, the great commoners and the nobles, were combined against him. He revived the agrarian law as a matter of course, but he disarmed the opposition to it by throwing an apple of discord between the two superior orders. The high judicial functions in the Commonwealth had been hitherto a senatorial monopoly.
This order of the equites that is to say, substantially, of the wealthy merchants in various ways came roughly into contact with the governing senate. There was a natural antipathy between the genteel aristocrats and the men to whom money had brought rank.
Senators under a cloud, equites out at elbows, tribunes who were not so much made of money as "collectors" of it, according to their official title.
But Cicero declares that for nearly fifty years, while the equites discharged this office, there was not even the slightest suspicion of a single eques being bribed in his capacity as judex; and after every allowance has been made for Ciceronian exaggeration, the statement may at least warrant us in believing that Gracchus had some reason for hoping that his change would be a change for the better, even if, as Appian declares, it turned out in the end just the opposite.
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