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Bulla ambigua, d'Orbigny "Voyage" Pal. 2. Monoceros Blainvillii, d'Orbigny "Voyage" Pal. 3. Cardium auca, d'Orbigny "Voyage" Pal. 4. Panopaea Coquimbensis, d'Orbigny "Voyage" Pal. 5. Perna Gaudichaudi, d'Orbigny "Voyage" Pal. 6. Artemis ponderosa; Mr.
Enough of Cardium tuberculatum. Now for the other animals of the heap; and first, for those long white razors. They are very good to eat, these razor-fish; at least, for those who so think them; and abound in millions upon all our sandy shores. Now for the tapering brown spires. Stay: here is one which is "more than itself."
Its composition is peculiar, as it is chiefly formed of small pieces of pumice, obsidian, and trachyte, in beds alternating with loam, ferriferous sand, and fragments of limestone. It is evidently of marine formation, as Sir William Hamilton, Professor Pilla, and others have detected sea-shells therein, of the genera Ostræa, Cardium, Pecten and Pectunculus, Buccinum, etc.
Among the fossil shells common to Madeira and Porto Santo, large cones, strombs, and cowries are conspicuous among the univalves, and Cardium, Spondylus, and Lithodomus among the lamellibranchiate bivalves, and among the Echinoderms the large Clypeaster called C. altus, an extinct European Miocene fossil. The largest list of fossils has been published by Mr.
The tuff cones and craters rise from a floor of Tertiary sandstone and shale, the horizontal strata of which are laid open in the precipitous bluffs of Waitemata and Manukau harbours; they sometimes contain fossil shells of the genera Pecten, Nucula, Cardium, Turbo, and Neritæ.
Gumbel has applied the name of Rhaetic. They have also long been known as the Koessen beds in Germany, and may be regarded as beds of passage between the Lias and Trias. They are named the Penarth beds by the Government surveyors of Great Britain, from Penarth, near Cardiff, in Glamorganshire, where they sometimes attain a thickness of fifty feet. Cardium rhaeticum, Merrian. Natural size.
Hartung, in his account of the Azores, published in 1860, describes twenty- three shells from St. One of the most characteristic and abundant of the new species, Cardium Hartungi, not known as fossil in Europe, is very common in Porto Santo and Baixo, and serves to connect the Miocene fauna of the Azores and the Madeiras.
In the North-east Australian province we have species of Donax, Mactra and Corbula, all apparently new, from the shallower localities; Corbula tunicata, Pectunculus tenuicostatus, and another, from 8 to 11 fathoms, off Cumberland Islands; species of Arca, Pectunculus, Avicula, Pecten, Venus, Circe, Cardium, Cardita, and Erycina, mostly new, from 15 to 17 fathoms in a sandy and shelly bottom off Cape Capricorn.
A vast majority of its shells are of living species such as Cardium edule, Cyprina islandica, Scalaria groenlandica, and Fusus antiquus, and some few extinct, as Tellina obliqua, and Nucula Cobboldiae.
There are, however, some difficulties on this view of the formations at Concepcion being cretaceous, which I shall afterwards allude to; and I will here only state that the Cardium auca is found also at Coquimbo, the beds at which place, there can be no doubt, are tertiary.
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