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Enthusiastically attached to their independence, they pride themselves on the name of auca, signifying freemen ; and by the Spaniards who were sent from the army in Flanders to serve in Chili, this country has been called Araucanian Flanders, or the invincible state.
I must, however, again call attention to the fact that the Cardium auca is found both at Concepcion and in the undoubtedly tertiary strata of Coquimbo: nor should the possibility be overlooked, that as Trigonia, though known in the northern hemisphere only as a Secondary genus, has living representatives in the Australian seas, so a Baculite, Ammonite, and Trigonia may have survived in this remote part of the southern ocean to a somewhat later period than to the north of the equator.
Venus Chilensis, d'Orbigny "Voyage" Pal. 8. Solecurtus hanetianus, d'Orbigny "Voyage" Pal. 9. Mactra auca, d'Orbigny "Voyage" Pal. 10. Oliva serena, d'Orbigny "Voyage" Pal. Of these twenty-four shells, all are extinct, except, according to Mr. Sowerby, the Artemis ponderosa, Mytilus Chiloensis, and probably the great Balanus.
Bulla ambigua, d'Orbigny "Voyage" Pal. 2. Monoceros Blainvillii, d'Orbigny "Voyage" Pal. 3. Cardium auca, d'Orbigny "Voyage" Pal. 4. Panopaea Coquimbensis, d'Orbigny "Voyage" Pal. 5. Perna Gaudichaudi, d'Orbigny "Voyage" Pal. 6. Artemis ponderosa; Mr.
Its motion was directly downwards, its form was globular, and its dimensions as big as a large tower; and coming near the ground, it divided into several sparks and streams of fire; and was accompanied with a thunder so loud and near as struck many deaf with the clap, and ran from east to west; which when the Indians heard and saw, they all cried out with one voice, Auca, Auca, Auca, which signifies in their language, tyrant, traitor, rebel , and every thing that may be attributed to a violent and bloody traitor.
Fusus difficilis, d'Orbigny, "Voyage, Part Pal." 5. Pyrula longirostra, d'Orbigny, "Voyage, Part Pal." 6. Pleurotoma Araucana, d'Orbigny, "Voyage, Part Pal." 7. Cardium auca, d'Orbigny, "Voyage, Part Pal." 8. Cardium acuticostatum, d'Orbigny, "Voyage, Part Pal." 9. Venus auca, d'Orbigny, "Voyage, Part Pal." 10. Mactra cecileana, d'Orbigny, "Voyage, Part Pal." 11.
There are, however, some difficulties on this view of the formations at Concepcion being cretaceous, which I shall afterwards allude to; and I will here only state that the Cardium auca is found also at Coquimbo, the beds at which place, there can be no doubt, are tertiary.
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