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Updated: June 1, 2025


Religious and political sympathies and antipathies in the seventeen provinces Unanimous hatred for the foreign soldiery Use made by the Prince of the mutiny His correspondence Necessity of Union enforced A congress from nearly all the provinces meets at Ghent Skirmishes between the foreign troops and partisan bands Slaughter at Tisnacq Suspicions entertained of the State-Council Arrest of the State-Council Siege of Ghent citadel Assistance sent by Orange Maestricht lost and regained Wealthy and perilous condition of Antwerp Preparations of the mutineers under the secret superintendence of Avila Stupidity of Oberstein Duplicity of Don Sancho Reinforcements of Walloons under Havre, Egmont, and others, sent to for the expected assault of Antwerp Governor Champagny's preparations the mutineers Insubordination, incapacity, and negligence of all but him Concentration of all the mutineers from different points, in the citadel The attack the panic the flight the massacre the fire the sack and other details of the "Spanish Fury" Statistics of murder and robbery Letter of Orange to the states-general Surrender of Ghent citadel Conclusion of the "Ghent Pacification" The treaty characterized Forms of ratification Fall of Zierickzee and recovery of Zealand.

Sir Ralph Winwood, who had, in virtue of the old treaty arrangements with England, a seat in the state-council at the Hague, and who was a man of a somewhat rough and insolent deportment, took occasion at a session of that body, when the prince was present, to urge the necessity of at once resuming the ruptured negotiations.

It was now agreed that letters should be drawn, up authorizing Leicester to continue in the office which he held, until the state-council should devise some modification in his commission. As it seemed, however, very improbable that the board would devise anything of the kind, Burghley expressed the belief that the country was like to continue in the Earl's government without any change whatever.

This scornful refusal filled to the full the hatred of Leicester against the ex-Advocate of Holland. The mercantile interest at once took the alarm, because it was supposed that the finance-chamber, was intended to crush the merchants. Early in April an Act had been passed by the state-council, prohibiting commerce with the Spanish possessions.

She marvelled greatly, and found it very strange that "ministers in matters of moment should presume to do things of their own head without direction." She accordingly gave orders that there should be no more dallying, but that the Earl should immediately hold a conference with the state-council in order to arrange a modification in his commission.

Who had been tampering with the Spaniards now? Had that "shadowy and imaginary authority" granted to Leicester not proved substantial enough? Was it the States-General, the state-council, or was it the "absolute governor" who had carried off the supreme control of the commonwealth in his pocket that was responsible for the ruin effected by Englishmen who had scorned all "authority" but his own?

"What is the man talking about?" she would ask with languid superciliousness, if he attempted to express his opinion in the state-council. Viglius, whom Berlaymont accused of doing his best, without success, to make his peace with the seigniors, was in even still greater disgrace than his fellow-cardinalists. He longed, he said, to be in Burgundy, drinking Granvelle's good wine.

An elaborate paper, drawn, up by the State-Council, at the request of the states-general, declared that there was nothing in the Pacification derogatory to the supreme authority of his Majesty.

It thus appears that, especially after Maurice's first and successful campaigns; the supreme authority over the army really belonged to the States-General, and that the powers of the state-council in this regard fell, in the course of four years, more and more into the back-ground, and at last disappeared almost entirely.

Here certainly are edifying pictures of the corruption of the Spanish regency in the Netherlands, painted by the President of the state-council, and of the dishonesty of the President painted by the Regent. A remarkable tumult occurred in October of this year, at Antwerp.

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