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Updated: May 3, 2025
Alexander besieges Bergen-op-Zoom Pallavicini's Attempt to seduce Parma Alexander's Fury He is forced to raise the Siege, of Bergen Gertruydenberg betrayed to Parma Indignation of the States Exploits, of Schenk His Attack on Nymegen He is defeated and drowned English-Dutch Expedition to Spain Its meagre Results Death of Guise and of the Queen Mother Combinations after the Murder of Henry III. Tandem fit Surculus Arbor.
On the Waal, the town of Nymegen had, through the dexterity of Martin Schenk, been recently transferred to the royalists, while the rest of that river's course was true to the republic. The Rhine, strictly so called, from its entrance into Netherland, belonged to the rebels.
He remained but a short time in Nymegen, but he was hampered by the express commands of the king. Moreover, his broken health imperatively required that he should once more seek the healing influence of the waters of Spa, before setting forth on his new French expedition.
Meanwhile, although he had for a time protected the Spanish possessions in the north by his demonstration in Gelderland, it must be confessed that the diversion thus given to the plans of Maurice was but a feeble one. Having assured the inhabitants of Nymegen that he would watch over the city like the apple of, his eye, he took his departure on the 4th of August for Spa.
The prince was but a young suitor, it was said, and the city a spinster not so lightly to be won. A longer courtship and more trouble would be necessary. Whereupon the suitor opened all his batteries without further delay, and the spinster gave a fresh example of the inevitable fate of talking castles and listening ladies. Nymegen, despite her saucy answer on the 20th, surrendered on the 21st.
Throughout 1591, Maurice's operations were recovering strong places for the States, one after another, from Zutphen and Deventer to Nymegen. Parma was too much hampered by the bonds Philip had imposed on him to meet Maurice effectively. And Henry was prospering in Normandy and Brittany, and was laying siege to Rouen before the year ended. In the spring Parma succeeded in relieving Rouen.
But such practices were so common on the part of the Spanish commanders as to occasion no surprise whatever. It will be remembered that two years before, the famous Martin Schenk had come to a tragic end at Nymegen.
Nothing could induce the stadholder, who held an observing position at Wesel, with his back against the precious watery quadrilateral, to risk the defence of those most vital lines of the Yssel and the Waal. While attempting to save Rheinberg, he felt it possible that he might lose Nymegen, or even Utrecht. The swift but wily Genoese was not to be trifled with or lost sight of an instant.
The Earl had taken some forts in the Batavia Betuwe; or "good meadow," which he pronounced as fertile and about as large as Herefordshire, and was now threatening Nymegen, a city which had been gained for Philip by the last effort of Schenk, on the royalist side.
Deputations were constantly with him from Bruges, Dendermonde, Bois-le-Duc, Brussels, Antwerp, Nymegen, proving to him by the most palpable evidence that the whole population of those cities had almost literally nothing to eat. He had nothing, however, but exhortations to patience to feed them withal.
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