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Updated: May 12, 2025
He then accordingly re-emigrated, with king and Government, to Madrid, and caused it to be published that he had at last overcome the sovereign's repugnance to the old capital, and had persuaded him to abandon Valladolid. There was but one man who might perhaps from his position have competed with the influence of Lerma.
This Dominican was furnished with the written opinion of several theologians, that the king might conscientiously slur over the article of religion; and he was the more successful with Philip, as the duke of Lerma, his prime minister, was resolved to accomplish the peace at any price.
The foremost man in the land the autocrat, the absolute master in State and Church was the Duke of Lerma. Very rarely in human history has an individual attained to such unlimited power under a monarchy, without actually placing the crown upon his own head.
At the court, the king, who was in many ways what might be termed a mystic voluptuary, spent his time in alternate fits of dissipation and devotion, wasted his time in gallantry, and neglected his royal duties; and the all-powerful Lerma was the centre of a world of graft, where the highest offices in the land were bartered for gold, and every noble had an itching palm.
Thirdly, he pledged himself that the exercise of the Catholic religion would be as free as that of any other creed. And the duke of Lerma believed it all: such and no greater was his capacity for understanding the course of events which he imagined himself to be directing. Certainly Friar John did not believe what he said.
Now answer me, by all that's sacred; say, What am I to believe? What truth is in it? LERMA. She fainted, and so grazed her skin in falling That is the whole. CARLOS. Is there no further danger? Count, answer on your honor. LERMA. For the queen No further danger; for yourself, there's much! CARLOS. None for my mother. Then, kind Heaven, I thank thee.
CARLOS. Yes, prudent It may be, but you say you've ever known The marquis prove himself a man of honor. LERMA. And if he be so still my fears are harmless, And you become a double gainer, prince. Trebly I gain, upright and worthy man, I gain another friend, nor lose the one Whom I before possessed. MARQUIS POSA comes through the gallery. MARQUIS. Carlos! My Carlos! CARLOS. Who calls me? Ah!
But I am forced to fight, and therefore it will be no shame to be overcome. Yet, I am so much his servant as not to meddle with anything which does not concern me in his Preface. As for the Play of The Duke of LERMA; having so much altered and beautified it, as he has done, it can be justly belong to none but him.
And yet, thoroughly as Barneveld had mastered all the complications and perplexities of the religious and political question, carefully as he had calculated the value of the opposing forces which were shaking Christendom, deeply as he had studied the characters of Matthias and Rudolph, of Charles of Denmark and Ferdinand of Graz, of Anhalt and Maximilian, of Brandenburg and Neuburg, of James and Philip, of Paul V. and Charles Emmanuel, of Sully and Yilleroy, of Salisbury and Bacon, of Lerma and Infantado; adroitly as he could measure, weigh, and analyse all these elements in the great problem which was forcing itself on the attention of Europe there was one factor with which it was difficult for this austere republican, this cold, unsuseeptible statesman, to deal: the intense and imperious passion of a greybeard for a woman of sixteen.
The Duke of Lerma, as one who professed a contempt for all letters and learning, was even less likely to be influenced by Cervantes' literary merits than by his services as a soldier services which had now become an old story.
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